Vocab 4

Question 1

Administer

Answer 1

to manage the way borders are maintained and how goods and people cross them

Question 2

Antecedent boundary

Answer 2

a border established before an area becomes heavily settled

Question 3

Autonomous

Answer 3

having the authority to govern territories independently of the national government; for example, by having a separate currency

Question 4

Choke point

Answer 4

a narrow, strategic passageway to another place through which it is difficult to pass

Question 5

Colonialism

Answer 5

the practice of claiming an dominating overseas territories

Question 6

Concurrent

Answer 6

sharing authority

Question 7

Consequent boundary

Answer 7

a type of subsequent boundary that takes into account the differences that exist within a cultural landscape, separating groups that have distinct language, religions, ethnicities, or other traits

Question 8

Demacrate

Answer 8

to place physical objects such as stones, pillars, walls, or fences to indicate where a boundary exists

Question 8

Delimit

Answer 8

to draw boundaries on a map, in accordance with a legal agreement

Question 9

Define

Answer 9

to explicitly state in legally binding documentation such as a treaty where boundaries are located, using reference points such as natural features or lines of latitude and longitude

Question 10

Devolution

Answer 10

the process that occurs when the central power in a state is broken up among regional authorities within its borders

Question 11

economics of scale

Answer 11

cost reductions that occur when production rises

Question 12

electoral college

Answer 12

a set of people, called electors, who are chosen to elect the president and vise president of the U.S.

Question 13

Ethnic clensing

Answer 13

the process by which a state attacks an ethnic group and tries to eliminate it through expulsion, imprisonment or killing

Question 14

ethnic separation

Answer 14

the process by which people of a particular ethnicity in a multinational state identify more strongly as members of their ethnic group than as citizens of the state

Question 15

ethnonationalism

Answer 15

the process by which the people of a country identify as having one common ethnicity, religious belief, and language, creating a sense of pride and identity that is tied to the territory; also called ethnic nationalism

Question 15

Exclusive economic zone

Answer 15

an area that extends 200 nautical miles from a state’s coast; a state has sole access to resources found within the waters or beneath the sea floor of its EEZ

Question 16

federal state

Answer 16

the organization of a state in which power is shared between the federal government and internal regional units

Question 17

Geometric boundary

Answer 17

a mathematically drawn boundary that typically follows lines of latitude and longitude or is a straight-line arc between two points

Question 17

gerrymandering

Answer 17

the dividing of legislative boundaries to give one political party an advantage in elections

Question 17

imperialism

Answer 17

the push to create an empire by exercising force or influence to control other nations or peoples

Question 18

irredentism

Answer 18

attempts by a state to acquire territories in neighboring states inhabited by people of the same nation

Question 19

majority-minority district

Answer 19

an electoral district in which the majority of voters are members of an ethnic or racial minority

Question 20

multinational state

Answer 20

a country with various ethnicities and cultures living inside its borders

Question 21

multistate nation

Answer 21

people who share a cultural or ethnic background but live in more than one country

Question 22

nation

Answer 22

a cultural entity made up of people who have forged a common identity through a shared language, religion, heritage, or ethnicity—often all four of these

Question 23

nation-state

Answer 23

a politically organized and recognized territory composed of a group of people who consider themselves to be a nation

Question 24

neocolonialism

Answer 24

the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies

Question 25

political geography

Answer 25

the study of the ways in which the world is organized as a reflection of the power different groups hold over territory

Question 26

reapportionment

Answer 26

the redistribution of representative seats among states based on shifts in population

Question 27

redistricting

Answer 27

the redrawing of internal territorial and political boundaries

Question 28

relic

Answer 28

a former boundary that no longer has an official function

Question 29

self-determination

Answer 29

the right of all people to choose their own political status

Question 30

semiautonomous

Answer 30

describing a region that is given partial authority to govern its territories independently from the national government

Question 31

shatterbelt

Answer 31

a region where states form, join, and break up because of ongoing, sometimes violent, conflicts among parties and because they are caught between the interests of more powerful outside states

Question 32

Sovereignty

Answer 32

the right of a government to control and defend its territory and determine what happens within its borders

Question 33

state

Answer 33

a politically organized independent territory with a government, defined borders, and a permanent population; a country

Question 34

Stateless nation

Answer 34

a people united by culture, language, history, and tradition but not possessing a state

Question 34

Subsequent boundary

Answer 34

a border drawn in an area that has been settled and where cultural landscapes exist or are in the process of being established

Question 35

superimposed boundary

Answer 35

a border drawn over existing accepted borders by an outside or conquering force

Question 36

supranational organization

Answer 36

an alliance of three or more states that work together in pursuit of common goals or to address an issue or challenge

Question 37

territoriality

Answer 37

the attempt to influence or control people and events by delimiting and asserting control over a geographic area; the connection of people, their culture, and their economic systems to the land

Question 38

unitary state

Answer 38

an organization of a state in which power is concentrated in a central government

Question 39

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

Answer 39

the international agreement that established the structure of maritime boundaries