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Music > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Modal scales

A

Ancient scales created before major or minor

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2
Q

Break

A

Instrumental section

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3
Q

Dilruba

A

Indian instrument with bow

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4
Q

Belting

A

Singing from stomach

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5
Q

Scat singing

A

Singing using nonsense words and sounds

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6
Q

ADT

A

Same track recorded twice but 1 is slightly faster

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7
Q

DIT

A

Black box used for recording guitar

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8
Q

Cross Rhythm

A

2 conflicting rhythms

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9
Q

Polyrhythm/polyphonic

A

2+ different rhythms

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10
Q

Monophonic

A

One line of tune

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11
Q

Homophonic

A

2+ instruments in harmony

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12
Q

Tradic

A

Melody that follows 3 notes of a chord

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13
Q

Diatonic

A

Piece that uses notes a particular key/scale

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14
Q

Acciaccatura

A

An ornament, printed as a small note with a slash through its tail which is played as quickly as possible before the note that follows it

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15
Q

Appoggiatura

A

A melodic ornament where a neighbouring note (that sounds dissonant) is sounded for a measured period of time before the main note of the melody

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16
Q

Pedal

A

Same note repeated with different chords

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17
Q

Drone

A

2 notes low in pitch held down

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18
Q

Tierce de Picardie

A

Major chord at end of minor piece

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19
Q

Binary

A

ABA1

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20
Q

Tenary

A

ABA

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21
Q

Rondo

A

ABACADA

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22
Q

Double stopping

A

2 notes together on string instrument

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23
Q

Arco

A

Playing with bow

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24
Q

Con Sordino

A

Playing with mute on the instrument

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25
Q

Initiative

A

Phrase repeated

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26
Q

Canonic

A

Played as a round- same tune starting at different times

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27
Q

Antiphonal

A

A musical texture where two groups of musicians take it in turns to play

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28
Q

Presto

A

Fast

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29
Q

Allegro

A

quick

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30
Q

Lento

A

Slow

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31
Q

Adaigo

A

Slow tempo

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32
Q

Andante

A

Moderately slow

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33
Q

Anacrusis

A

Weak beat note before first complete phrase

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34
Q

Rubato

A

Temporary change in tempo

35
Q

Augmentation

A

Lengthening of note

36
Q

Articulation

A

Effects on notes e.g.. slur

37
Q

Perfect cadence

A

Sounds finished - V-I

38
Q

Plagal cadence

A

Sounds quite finished VI-I

39
Q

Imperfect cadence

A

Sounds unfinished ?-V

40
Q

Interrupted cadence

A

Sounds unexpected V-?

41
Q

Accapella

A

Unaccompanied singing

42
Q

Alberti bass

A

A type of broken chord accompaniment often on a keyboard instrument

43
Q

Arpeggio

A

The notes of a standard chord played one after another in ascending or descending order - the first, third, fifth and eighth notes of a scale

44
Q

Atonal

A

Music without an obvious key

45
Q

Articulation

A

The amount of space between the notes - whether they are very detached (staccato) or joined together (legato)

46
Q

Augmentation

A

A proportionate in increase in the note lengths of a melody for example when 2 quavers and a crotchet are augmented they become 2 crotchets and a minim. The opposite of diminution

47
Q

Backbeat

A

A term used in pop music to describe accenting the normally weak second and fourth beats in 4/4 time

48
Q

Automatic double tracking

A

A technological effect and recording technique used by the Beatles to double the sound of voices and instruments. This doubled effect creates a richer sound

49
Q

Blues notes

A

In blues music notes added to a scale which are usually a flattened 3rd or flattened 7th

50
Q

Call and response

A

Soloist sings a phrase to which a group of singers respond. Mostly found in African music but also jazz and pop

51
Q

Chromatic

A

Notes which don’t belong to the current key - opposite to diatonic. Notes that are semitones from each other

52
Q

Col legno

A

Played with the wood of the bow rather than the hair

53
Q

Continuo

A

Accompanying part in instrumental music of the Baroque period. Played by bass instrument (cello) and a harmony instrument (harpsichord)

54
Q

Contrapuntal

A

Music that uses counterpoint, a texture where 2 or more melodic lines are played together at the same time

55
Q

Descant

A

A counter melody sung above the main melodic line

56
Q

Dominant 7th

A

A triad with an added 7th note which is a whole tone away from the tonic so in G major it would consist of G B D and F.

57
Q

Double/triple stopping

A

2 or 3 notes played at the same time on a string instrument

58
Q

Doubling

A

More than one part playing the same line, either in unison or an octave apart

59
Q

Hemiola

A

A rhythmic device in which 2 groups of 3 beats (strong - weak - weak, strong - weak - weak) are performed as 3 groups of 2 beats (strong - weak, strong- weak, strong - weak)

60
Q

Heterophony

A

Simultaneous performance of a melody and the variation of the melody

61
Q

Imitative/imitation

A

Melody in one part is copied a few notes later in another part often at a different pitch with the two parts overlapping

62
Q

Inversion

A

Melody is inverted, the intervals between notes are the same as the original but they move in the opposite direction - a pitch will rise instead of fall or vice versa

63
Q

Pedal note

A

Sustained or regularly repeated note usually heard in the bass while the harmony above changes between various chords. Pedal note is usually tonic or dominant

64
Q

Inverted pedal note

A

Higher note beneath the harmonies

65
Q

Marcato

A

Marked or accented playing

66
Q

Moderato

A

Moderate tempo

67
Q

Largo

A

very slow tempo

68
Q

Note addition

A

Where notes are added in a repeating phrase

69
Q

Portamento

A

Sliding between notes

70
Q

Presto

A

Very fast tempo

71
Q

Raga

A

Scale pattern or melodic motif used as the basis for melodic improvisation in Indian classical music

72
Q

Sequence

A

The immediate repetition of a motif or phrase at a different pitch

73
Q

Skank

A

Off beat strumming pattern that accompanies ska reggae music - also refers to dance that accompanies reggae music

74
Q

Son

A

Musical form or type of song originating from Cuba with a distinctive clave rhythm pattern and where only accompaniment is percussion or rhythmic instruments

75
Q

Sonata form

A

Most common structure for first movement in the Classical style

76
Q

Spiccato

A

Bow is boucned of the string created very detached notes

77
Q

Suspension

A

Note repeated or sustained over change in harmony created a dissonance and then resolving onto a note within the key

78
Q

Syncopation

A

Accented notes are sounded off the beat or on weak beats often with rests on some of the strong beats

79
Q

Tremolo

A

Effect created by rapid repetition of a single note

80
Q

Turn

A

An ornament playing the note above the written note, the written note, the note below the written note and then back to the written note

81
Q

Tutti

A

A marking meaning ‘all’ so the whole ensemble should play

82
Q

Una corda

A

Soft pedal on a piano so that only one string plays rather than 3

83
Q

Vivace

A

Lively tempo

84
Q

Sequence

A

A melodic and rhythmic pattern that is repeated at a higher/lower pitch. May be single or multiple repetitions

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