Vocab Flashcards
Learn the Words (24 cards)
What Is the Name of Any Natural occurring Solid substance with a definite chemical composition
Mineral
What is the Name Given to a scientist who studies Fossils?
Paleontologist
What is the trait that describes how a mineral reflects light?
Lustre
What is the name of any element found inside the Earth’s Crust?
Native Element
What is the ability for one mineral to be scratched by another Mineral called
Hardness
A geometrically-shaped substance made up of atoms and molecules arranged in one of 7 different shapes is called a?
Crystal
What is the Powdery Substance left by a scraped mineral called?
Streak
What is Formed from the Cooling of Lava or magma from a Volcano?
Igneous Rock
What is a rock called if it forms above the surface?
Extrusive
What is a rock called if it forms underneath the surface?
Intrusive
The Property of a Material or Substance that easily scratches another
Abrasive
an idealized cycle of processes undergone by rocks in the earth’s crust, involving igneous intrusion, uplift, erosion, transportation, deposition as sedimentary rock, metamorphism, further melting and igneous intrusion is called
The Rock Cycle
the original rock from which something else was formed is called
The Parent Rock
a very light and porous volcanic rock formed when a gas-rich froth of glassy lava solidifies, it is Extrusive
Pumice
the remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or animal embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form.
Fossil
basaltic lava ejected as fragments from a volcano, typically with a frothy texture,
Scoria
a dark fine-grained volcanic rock that sometimes displays a columnar structure, typically composed largely of plagioclase with pyroxene and olivine, it is Mafic and extrusive
Basalt
a very hard, granular, crystalline, igneous rock consisting mainly of quartz, mica, and feldspar and often used as a building stone.
Granite
a type of rock which has been changed by extreme heat and pressure
Metamorphic
Where would you find a fossilised seashell
Limestone or Sandstone
Where would you find a fossilised swamp leaf
Shale or Mudstone
How do you test which mineral is the hardest without equipment and which one will be the hardest?
Scratch the Mineral with the other mineral, the Mineral that scratches the other one will be the hardest
Basalt found in water has smaller crystals than Basalt formed on the ground, Why?
Because water cools the Magma, Crystals will be small if they don’t get enough time to cool
What are Bands (what is Flow Banding)
bands or layers that can sometimes be seen in rock that formed from the substance molten rock or magma
