vocab and terms Flashcards
(31 cards)
Learning
change in the way an organism responds based on its experience
Habituation
the decreasing strength of a reflex response after repeated presentations of the stimulus
conditioning
A form of learning
Uncondition reflex/respond (UCR)
A reflex that occur normally
Uncondition stimulus (UCS)
Smt that lead to a uncondition respond
conditioned response (CR)
A respond that had be learn ( not known naturally)
Conditional stimulus(CS)
A stimulus that lead to CR
acqusition
when a CS is associated with a CR
Stimulus generalisation
when an organism learns to respond to stimuli that resemble the CS with a similar response
Stimulus discrimination
when an organism learns to respond
to a restricted range of stimuli
Extinction
when a CR is weakened by presentation of
the CS without the UCS
Spontaneous recovery
the short-lived re-emergence of a previously
extinguished CR.
interstimulus interval
The time between the presentation of CS and the UCS
prepared learning
the evolved tendency of some associations to be learned more readily than others
Classical conditioning
A stimuli from the environment leds to a respond
Operant conditioning
means learning to operate on the environment to produce a consequence
Operants
behaviours that are emitted rather than elicited by the environment
Reinforcement
an consequence that increases the probability that a response will recur
Positive reinforcement
when the environmental consequence (a reward or pay-off) makes a behaviour more likely to occur again.
Negative reinforcement
occurs when termination of an aversive stimulus makes a behaviour more likely to recur.
punishment
decreases the probability that a response will recur.
continuous reinforcement schedules
the consequence is the same each time the animal emits a behaviour
partial or intermittent reinforcement schedules
which reinforcement occurs in some ratio or after certain intervals
discriminative stimulus
signals that particular contingencies of reinforcement are in effect, so that the organism only produces the behaviour in the presence of the discriminative stimulus.
