Vocab Ch. 16 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Vocab Ch. 16 Deck (19)
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1
Q

extends along the bottom of the water body; Home to many invertebrates

A

Benthic Zones

2
Q

Region ringing the edge of a water body; Rooted aquatic plants grow in this shallow part

A

Littoral Zone

3
Q

the movement of cold, deep, often nutrient-rich water to the surface mixed layer

A

Upwelling

4
Q

The movement of surface water to deeper depths

A

Downwelling

5
Q

The flow of ocean water caused by changes in density.

A

Thermohaline Circulation

6
Q

The warm phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation

A

El Niño

7
Q

the upper layer of a body of water delineated by the depth to which enough sunlight can penetrate to permit photosynthesis.

A

Photic Zone

8
Q

ecological realm that includes the entire ocean water column; Everything except areas near the coast and the sea floor

A

Pelagic

9
Q

a large brown seaweed that typically has a long, tough stalk with a broad frond divided into strips.

A

Kelp

10
Q

a ridge of rock in the sea formed by the growth and deposit of coral.

A

Coral Reef

11
Q

where the sea meets the land, the area between high tide and low tide.

A

Intertidal Zone

12
Q

The alternate rising and falling of the sea

A

Tides

13
Q

an area of coastal grassland that is regularly flooded by seawater.

A

Salt Marshes

14
Q

a tree or shrub that grows in chiefly tropical coastal swamps that are flooded at high tide.

A

Mangroves

15
Q

algal blooms composed of phytoplankton known to naturally produce biotoxins, they can occur when certain types of microscopic algae grow quickly in water, forming visible patches that may harm the health of the environment, plants, or animals.

A

Harmful Algae Blooms

16
Q

a discoloration of seawater caused by a bloom of toxic red dinoflagellates.

A

Red Tides

17
Q

the unwanted fish and other marine creatures caught during commercial fishing for a different species.

A

Bycatch

18
Q

a space in the ocean where human activities are more strictly regulated than the surrounding waters

A

Marine Protected Areas

19
Q

an area where some or all fishing is prohibited for a lengthy period of time

A

Marine Reserves