Vocab Chapter 13

Question 1

Crossing dissimilar individual to bring together the best of both organisms

Answer 1

Hybridization

Question 2

The continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics

Answer 2

Inbreeding

Question 3

Having many sets of chromosomes

Answer 3

Polyploid

Question 4

Making changes in the DNA code of a living organism.

Answer 4

Genetic engineering

Question 5

Enzyme that cuts DNA at specific sequence of nucleotides

Answer 5

Restriction enzyme

Question 6

Procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel.

Answer 6

Gel electrophoresis

Question 7

DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources

Answer 7

Recombinant DNA

Question 8

Technique that allows molecular biologists to make many copies of a particular gene

Answer 8

Polymerase chain reaction

Question 9

Circular DNA molecule found in bacteria

Answer 9

Plasmid

Question 10

Gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry a plasmid with foreign DNA from those that don’t.

Answer 10

Genetic marker

Question 11

Term used to refer to an organism that contains genes from other organisms

Answer 11

Transgenic

Question 12

Member of a population of genetically identical organisms produced from a single cell

Answer 12

Clone

Question 13

Method of improving a species by allowing only those individual organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation

Answer 13

Selective breeding