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Chemistry Unit 2 > Vocab for Chemistry unit 2 > Flashcards

Vocab for Chemistry unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Chemistry

A

the study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes

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2
Q

Matter

A

anything that has mass and occupies space

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3
Q

Extensive Properties

A

a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample

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4
Q

Intensive Properties

A

a property that depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter

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5
Q

Mass

A

a measure of the amount of matter that an object contains; the SI base unit of mass is the kilogram

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6
Q

Volume

A

a measure of the space occupied by a sample of matter

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7
Q

Physical Property

A

a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition

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8
Q

Physical Change

A

a change during which some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change

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9
Q

Chemical Property

A

the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change

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10
Q

Chemical Change

A

a change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter

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11
Q

Phase (Phase of Matter)

A

any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties

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12
Q

Solid

A

a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume

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13
Q

Liquid

A

a form of matter that flows, has a fixed volume, and an indefinite shape

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14
Q

Gas

A

a form of matter that takes the shape and volume of its container; a gas has no definite shape or volume

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15
Q

Freezing

A

the difference in temperature between the freezing point of a solution and the freezing point of the pure solvent

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16
Q

Melting

A

the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid; the melting point of water is 0°C

17
Q

Vaporization

A

the conversion of a liquid to a gas or a vapor

18
Q

Condensation

A

a structural formula that leaves out some bonds and/or atoms; the presence of these atoms or bonds is understood

19
Q

Sublimation

A

the process in which a solid changes to a gas or vapor without passing through the liquid state

20
Q

Deposition

A

the action of deposing someone, especially a monarch

21
Q

Substance (Pure Substance)

A

matter that has a uniform and definite composition; either an element or a compound; also called pure substance

22
Q

Element

A

the simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties; an element cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

23
Q

Chemical Symbol

A

a one- or two- letter representation of an element

24
Q

Compound

A

a substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion

25
Q

Mixture

A

a physical blend of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

26
Q

Homogeneous Mixture

A

a mixture that is uniform in composition; components are evenly distributed and not easily distinguished

27
Q

Solution

A

a homogeneous mixture; consists of solutes dissolved in a solvent

28
Q

Heterogeneous Mixture

A

a mixture that is not uniform in composition; components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture

29
Q

Filtration

A

a process that separates a solid from the liquid in a heterogeneous mixture

30
Q

Distillation

A

a process used to separate dissolved solids from a liquid, which is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a liquid

31
Q

Chemical Reaction

A

a change in which one or more reactants change into one or more products; characterized by the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of bonds in products

32
Q

Reactant

A

a substance present at the start of a reaction

33
Q

Product

A

a substance produced in a chemical reaction

34
Q

Precipitate

A

a solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture

35
Q

Law of Conservation of Mass

A

in any physical change or chemical reaction, mass is conserved; mass can be neither created nor destroyed

Chemistry Unit 2 (1 decks)

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