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Equine Massage Therapy > Vocab Termanology > Flashcards

Vocab Termanology Flashcards

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1
Q

Adhes

Adip

A

Stuck too

Fat

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2
Q

Ab - Ad and Epi meaning?

A

Ab- from, off, away
Ad- increase
Epi- above, below

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3
Q

Infra - Surpa - Inter

A

Infra- Caudal (Near) the relative position
Surpa- Cranial/Above the relative position
Inter- in-between

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4
Q

Para
Peri
Sub

A

Para- Besides
Peri- Around
Sub- below, underneath

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5
Q

Muscle: Agonist

A

A prime mover muscle

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6
Q

Trans
Ambi
A- An-

A

Trans- Across, Over, through
Ambi- Around, both
A- AN- without, none, lack of

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7
Q

Uni- Mon-
Bi-
Tri-
Quad-

A

one
two
three
four

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8
Q

Multi-
Poly-
Auto-
CO, con -

A

Multi- much, many
Poly- Excessive
Auto- Self
Co, con- together, with

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9
Q

Contra-
Hydro-
Dys-
Sym/Syn-

A

Contra- Against
Hydro- Water
Dys- Bad, Difficult
Sym/Syn- Together

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10
Q 
al- ac- ic- tic- y - 
ceps -
ache-  
ent, ist, or- 
form, oid -
A 
al- ac- ic- tic- y - pertaining to, process, condition
ceps - heads of muscles 
ache- pain 
ent, ist, or- specialist 
form, oid - shape of
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11
Q 
ia- iasis :
logy: 
ive :
Physis: 
Trophy:
A 
ia- iasis : a state, a condition 
logy: study of 
ive : quality of, nature of 
Physis: growth 
Trophy: Development
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12
Q 
algia:
Cele: 
emia: 
itis- :
lysis:
A 
algia: pain 
Cele: tumor, swelling, hernia 
emia: blood conditions 
itis- :inflammation
lysis: destruction, separation
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13
Q

oma:
osis:
Pathy:
Penia:
Plegia:

A

oma: tumor
osis: condition of
Pathy: disease
Penia: deficiency
Plegia: Paralysis or stroke

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14
Q

Flexion

A

Flexion is between two joints, not the limb. When the angle between them gets smaller. Like when your fingers curl up.

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15
Q

Extension

A

Extension is when the extend the space between two joints (a straight leg). More about two joints, not the whole limb.

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16
Q

Hyper-extension

A

Hyper extension is when the joint goes beyond its normal range of movement . It is not used to describe normal function.

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17
Q

Over -extension and Dorsiflexion

A

Joints that are arranged to move in both planes like the fetlock.

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18
Q

Protraction

A

Protraction is the forward movement of the entire limb. It is seen during the swing phase (legs up and moving). In protraction the limb only bears weight when going backwards.

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19
Q

What causes protraction in the muscles?

A

Caused by muscle contraction and the release of energy stored in elastic tissue.

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20
Q

Forelimb protraction muscles

A 
Brachiocephalicus
omotransversarius 
extensor carpi radialis 
extensor digitorum communis 
Biceps brachii
rhomboideus thoracis 
Serratus ventralis thoracis
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21
Q

why is Hindlimb protraction easier than forelimb protraction?

A

Hinlimb protraction is easier because of the bone connection be-tween scacroiliac joint and the vertebral colum.

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22
Q

Hindlimb protraction muscles

A 
Gluteus Superficials 
tensor fasciae latae 
psoas major
iliacus muscle 
rectus femoris 
flexors of the hock
extensor of the digit
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23
Q

What tendons make sure the hock flexis so that the hoof clears the ground and that the stride is the required length?

A

Tendon bands the constitute the Reciprocl apparatus.

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24
Q

Retraction

A

Is the backward movement of the limb. The hoof is normally on the ground.

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25
what muscles are used for Retraction of the forelimb?
``` Latissium dorsi asscending part of the pectoral muscle thoracicportions of the trapeziuz serratus ventralis rhombideus muscles ```
26
Retraction of the forelimb in stance
retraction of the forelimb in the stance phase requires the elbow remain extended.
27
Retraction of the hindlimb muscles
``` Middle gluteal muscle hamstring muscles biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus ```
28
Abduction
Abduction is when the limb moves away from the median line of the body
29
Adduction
Is when the limb moves towards the body median.
30
Where are the abductor muscles found
The muscles are found on the lateral side of the limb
31
Where are the adduction muscles found?
The muscles are found on medial (inside) of the limb
32
Circumduction
Circumduction is when the leg swings laterally to the body. The limb will swing out instead of walking straight. The faster the pace the more circumduction occur. But circumduction can be an issue.
33
What else should you consider when circumduction is in the forelimb?
You can consider the possibility of the entire forelimb being rotated inwards (pronation). This can cause flexion of the carpus which throws the entire hoof outward.
34
Bio Brachi Bucc
Bio : Life Brachi; Arm Bucc: Cheek
35
Cardio, Cardi : Heart Cal, calcane: Heel Cap: Resembling a cap or corer Caud : Tail
Cardio, Cardi : Cal, calcane: Cap: Caud :
36
cleido: COst, costa: Cox, Coxa: Cronio, Cran:
cleido: Clavicle COst, costa: Rib Cox, Coxa: Hip Cronio, Cran: Skull
37
Duckt: Fasscia, fasci: Hemato: Immuno:
Duckt: to lead Fasscia, fasci: a band Hemato: blood Immuno: safe
38
Muscle: Antagonist
A muscle counteracting the action of another muscle.
39
Muscle: Atrophy
A wasting away of a body part or tissue or a decrease in size
40
Muscle: Hypertrophy
increase in muscle size/growth
41
Hypotonicity
unusual decrease in resting muscle tone. Can indicate a long term problem. Muscle will feel soft and squishy
42
Hypertonicity
Abnormal increase in resting muscle tone. Usually an issue causing inflammation/irritation to a peripheral nerve (spinal joint disfunction) Muscle is tight and may spasm
43
Muscle: Insertion
The distal end (far away from the center or axial skeleton or from point of attachment), which has crossed at least one joint. Attached to a moveable part when the muscles shorten/contract movement will occur
44
Muscle: Origin
``` Proximal end (closer to the axial of the skeleton/close to point of attachment). It is an anchor for movement during contraction ```
45
Muscle: Extrinsic
Muscle who's origin starts in one system then the insertion crosses into another system. (the axial skeletal system to the appendicular system)
46
Muscle: Intrinsic
Muscle that's origin and insertion are in the same system.
47
Muscle: Major
Large size/function
48
Muscle: Minor
Smaller in size/function
49
Muscle: Ascendens
Lying in an uphill/upward position. Ascending!
50
Muscle: Cephalicus
Muscles near or at the head
51
Muscle: Collagen
fibrous insoluble protein in the connective tissue, skin, ligaments and cartilage
52
Muscle: Complexus
Embrace, encircle
53
Muscle: Descendens
lying in downward/down hill direction
54
Muscle: Digitorum
Digit. | Muscle going to the digit
55
Muscle; Levator
raises or elevates the body
56
Muscle: Olibquus
slanting (oblique)
57
Muscle: Pennaform
feather-formed
58
Muscle: Profundus
Deep muscle
59
Muscle: rector/rectus
Straight. erector a muscle that is straight or does straighten
60
Muscle: Serratus
Serrated/ jagged/ notched muscle
61
Muscle: Teres
Round muscles
62
Muscle: Vast
Huge, great
63
Directional terms: Lateral
Away from the midline of the body. Towards the external surface
64
Directional terms: Medial
towards/facing the midline of the body.
65
Directional terms: Bilateral
affecting/evident to both sides of the body
66
Directional terms: Unilateral
affecting one side of the body
67
Directional terms: Ipsilateral
affecting/occurring on the same side of the body
68
Directional Terms: Contralateral
Effecting/occurring on the opposite side of the body
69
Directional Terms: Dorsal
Towards the topline/back of the horse. | Carpal and tarsal joints downwards are labeled dorsal
70
Directional Terms: Ventral
Underside/belly or structure
71
Directional Terms: Palmer
Sole of the hoof to the back of the carpus (wrist) in forelimb
72
Directional Terms: Plantar
The sole of the hoof to the back of the tarsus (hock) in the hindlimb
73
Directional Terms: Cranial
Area or structure towards the head. front of structure
74
Caudal
Area facing the table. The rear end
75
Directional Terms: Rostral
Facing towards the nose/front of mouth
76
Directional Terms: Proximal
Closer to center or axial skeleton | closer to the point of attachment
77
Directional Terms: Distal
Further away from the center or axial skeleton | Further from the point of attachment
78
Directional Terms: deep
closer to the center. internal center
79
Directional Terms: Superficial
Surface of the body, more external
80
Directional Terms: Adaxial
closer to the longitudinal central axis of the limb
81
Directional Terms: Abaxial
Further away from the longitudinal central axis of the limb
82
Directional Terms Planes: Dorsal Plane
Parallel to the back/topline
83
Directional Terms Planes: Transverse Plane
The cross section of a structure at a right angle to axis | Like a cross roads
84
Directional Terms Planes: Median Plane
The sagittal Plane that divides the body down its middle into equal left/right halves

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