Vocab Test 1

Question 1

Hallmarks of the Anthropological Perspective

Answer 1

1. Comparative and Cross-Cultural study
   The familiar, the unfamiliar and what they have to say about being human
2. Empiricism: Evidence-based inquiry based on real-world observation and experience
3. Holism: Human life as a whole
   The interconnections of all aspects of human life including biology and culture
4. Cultural Relativism
   Human practices must be understood within the context of the cultures in which they appear

Question 2

Praxis

Answer 2

Social structure, human agency

Question 3

Etic

Answer 3

Outsider perspective

Question 4

Emic

Answer 4

Insider Perspective

Question 5

Enculturation

Answer 5

Learning ones culture

Question 6

Acculturation

Answer 6

Process of acquiring a second culture usually as an effect of sustained and imbalanced contact between two societies.

Question 7

Edward Tyler

Answer 7

First Anthropologist,

Question 8

Guided Reinvention

Answer 8

mechanism of enculturation. correcting when cultural practice is wrong

Question 9

Unilineal Evolutionism

Answer 9

culture is linear, moving towards progress. (Edward tyler and henry morgan)

Question 10

Franz Boas

Answer 10

Americanist Anthropology, field anthropology, emic vs etic, “Salvage anthropology”

Question 11

Salvage Anthropology

Answer 11

If culture survives its just as advanced as ours

Question 12

Structuralism

Answer 12

(Levi Strauss) Item gains meaning through connections to others.

Question 13

Functionalism

Answer 13

(malinowski) a cultural trait can be
investigated for the contribution it makes to the survival of individual humans,
the operation of other cultural items, or the culture as a whole.

Question 14

Interpretive Anthropology

Answer 14

(Geertz)the main goal
of anthropology is to
elucidate the meanings
within which humans live
and behave. Rather than
focusing on institutions and
rules, it focuses on symbols
and how symbols shape our
experience and are
manipulated by people in
social situations.

Question 15

Ethnocentrism

Answer 15

Tendency to see ones own culture as right

Question 16

Cultural relativism

Answer 16

culture must be viewed within its own context

Question 17

Hypo descent

Answer 17

Mixed race children grouped with whichever parent has lower station

Question 18

Consanguineal

Answer 18

kinship by blood

Question 19

Affinal

Answer 19

kinship by marriage

Question 20

Fictive

Answer 20

kinship by choice