vocab test

Question 1

Process that requires oxygen to occur.

Answer 1

Aerobic

Question 2

A process that does not require oxygen to occur.

Answer 2

Anaerobic

Question 3

Low-energy molecule that can
be converted to ATP.

Answer 3

ADP

Question 4

High-energy molecule that
contains, within its bonds, energy that cells can use.

Answer 4

ATP

Question 5

Enzyme that catalyzes the reaction that adds a
high-energy phosphate group to ADP to form ATP.

Answer 5

ATP Synthase

Question 6

Process by which a photosynthetic organism uses
energy to synthesize simple sugars from CO2.

Answer 6

Calvin Cycle

Question 7

Process of producing ATP by breaking down carbon-based molecules when oxygen is present.

Answer 7

Cellular Resparation

Question 8

Process by which
ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy source
instead of light.

Answer 8

Chemosynthesis

Question 9

Light-absorbing pigment molecule
in photosynthetic organisms.

Answer 9

Chlorophyll

Question 10

Series of proteins in the thylakoid and mitochondrial membranes that aid in converting ADP to ATP by transferring electrons.

Answer 10

Electron Transport Chain

Question 11

Anaerobic process by which ATP is produced by glycolysis.

Answer 11

Fermentation

Question 12

Anaerobic process in which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate and two net ATP are produced.

Answer 12

Glycolysis

Question 13

process during cellular respiration that breaks down
a carbon molecule to produce molecules that are used in the
electron transport chain.

Answer 13

Krebs Cycle

Question 14

part of photosynthesis that absorbs energy from sunlight and transfers energy to the light-independent reactions.

Answer 14

Light-Dependent Reactions

Question 15

product of fermentation in many types of cells,
including human muscle cells.

Answer 15

Lactic Acid

Question 16

part of photosynthesis that uses energy absorbed during the light-dependent reactions to synthesize carbohydrates

Answer 16

Light-Independent Reactions

Question 17

process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy; produces sugar and oxygen from carbon
dioxide and water.

Answer 17

Photosynthesis

Question 18

series of light-absorbing pigments and proteins
that capture and transfer energy in the thylakoid membrane

Answer 18

Photosystem

Question 19

membrane-bound structure within chloroplasts that contains chlorophyll and other light-absorbing pigments used in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

Answer 19

Thylakoid