Vocab unit 2 dynamic earth

Question 1

The continents that were once joined to together as a supercontinent.

Answer 1

Pangaea

Question 2

The supercontient Pangaea slowly drifted apart into separate continents over time.

Answer 2

Continental Drift

Question 3

Vast mountain ranges deep below the oceans surface

Answer 3

Mid-Ocean Ridges

Question 4

The counterparts of underwater mountain chains.

Answer 4

Ocean Trenches

Question 5

The process by which new oceanic crust continuously forms along mid-ocean ridges and is destroyed at ocean trenches.

Answer 5

Seafloor Spreading

Question 6

Molten rock below Earth’s surface.

Answer 6

Magma

Question 7

When magma erupts onto Earth’s surface.

Answer 7

Lava

Question 8

Earth’s surface is made out of rigid slabs of rock, or plates, that move with respect to each other.

Answer 8

Plate Tectonics

Question 9

The boundary between two plates moving towards each other.

Answer 9

Convergent boundary

Question 10

Where two plates move apart from each other.

Answer 10

Divergent Boundary

Question 11

Where plates slide horizontally past each other.

Answer 11

Transform Boundaries

Question 12

When two plates collide with each other, one plate is forced under another.

Answer 12

Subduction

Question 13

A break in Earth’s crust along which movement occurs.

Answer 13

Fault

Question 14

A vent in Earth’s crust through which molten rock flows.

Answer 14

Volcano

Question 15

A curved line of volcanoes that forms parallel to a plate boundary.

Answer 15

Volcanic Arc

Question 16

The rupture and sudden movement of rocks along a break or a crack in Earth’s crust.

Answer 16

Earthquake

Question 17

An area of many fractured pieces of crust along a large fault.

Answer 17

Fault Zone

Question 18

The rapid downhill movement of soil, loose rocks, and boulders.

Answer 18

Landslide

Question 19

A wave that forms when an ocean disturbance suddenly moves a large volume of water.

Answer 19

Tsunami

Question 20

Giant circular depressions in Earth’s surface.

Answer 20

Impact Craters

Question 21

Any natural process that changes objects on Earth’s surface over time.

Answer 21

Weathering

Question 22

Moving of weathered material, or sediment, from one location to another.

Answer 22

Erosion.

Question 23

The laying down or settling of eroded material.

Answer 23

Deposition

Question 24

A large mass of ice that forms on land and moves slowly across Earth’s surface.

Answer 24

Glacier

Question 25

A naturally occurring solid mixture composed of minerals, smaller rock fragments, organic matter or mass.

Answer 25

Rock

Question 26

A naturally occurring, inorganic, solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms or ions.

Answer 26

Mineral

Question 27

When particles dissolved in a liquid, lava or magma solidify and form crystals.

Answer 27

Crystallization

Question 28

When lava cools and crystallizes on Earth’s surface.

Answer 28

Extrusive Rock

Question 29

When magma cools and crystallizes inside Earth.

Answer 29

Intrusive Rock

Question 30

The process through which sediment turns into rock.

Answer 30

Lithification

Question 31

The weight from from the layers of sediment forces out fluids and decreases the space between grains.

Answer 31

Compaction

Question 32

When minerals dissolved in surrounding water crystallize between grains.

Answer 32

Cementation

Question 33

The series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock.

Answer 33

Rock Cycle