Vocab Words WW11

Question 1

American theoretical physicist; he developed the theory of relativity among his many scientific theories and was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921.

Answer 1

Albert Einstein

Question 2

Albert Einstein’s ideas about the interrelationships between time and space and between energy and matter

Answer 2

Theory of Reltivity

Question 3

Austrian psychiatrist and founder of psychoanalysis; he treated hysteria using hypnosis and believed that complexes of repressed and forgotten impressions underlie all abnormal mental states

Answer 3

Sigmund Freud

Question 4

A philosophy based on the idea that people give meaning to their lives through their choices and actions

Answer 4

Existenliaism

Question 5

German philosopher and literary and social critic; his idea that people should return to ancient heroic pride and strength were influential in Italian and German politics in the 1920s and 1930s.

Answer 5

Friedrich Nietzsche

Question 6

a 20th-century artistic movement that focuses on the workings of the unconscious mind.

Answer 6

Surrealism

Question 7

a 20th-century style of popular music developed mainly by African-American musicians

Answer 7

jazz

Question 8

An American pilot who made the first non-stop 30-hour solo flight from New York to Paris in 1927

Answer 8

Charles Lindbergh

Question 9

A government-controlled by a temporary alliance of several political parties

Answer 9

coalition government

Question 10

the republic that was established in Germany in 1919 and ended in 1933

Answer 10

Weimar Republic

Question 11

32nd US President - He began New Deal programs to help the nation out of the Great Depression, was elected as president 4 times and was the nation’s leader during most of WWII/Great Depression

Answer 11

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Question 12

U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt’s economic reform program was designed to solve the problems created by the Great Depression

Answer 12

New Deal

Question 13

the severe economic slump that followed the collapse of the U.S. stock market in 1929

Answer 13

Great Depression

Question 14

period of reduced economic activity

Answer 14

recession

Question 15

British economist; his revolutionary economic theory, which stated that governments could prevent economic downturns by deficit spending, provided the basis for some of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal policies.

Answer 15

John Maynard Keynes

Question 16

A political movement that promotes an extreme form of nationalism, denial of individual rights, and a dictatorial one-party rule.

Answer 16

Fascism

Question 17

Italian Fascist leader; he ruled as Italy’s dictator for more than 20 years beginning in 1922. His alliance with Hitler brought Italy into World War II.

Answer 17

Benito Mussolini

Question 18

Totalitarian dictator of Germany; his invasion of European countries led to World War II. He espoused notions of racial superiority and was responsible for the mass murder of millions of Jews and others in the Holocaust

Answer 18

Adolf Hitler

Question 19

The fascist policies of the National Socialist German Workers’ party, based on totalitarianism, a belief in racial superiority, and state control of industry.

Answer 19

Nazism

Question 20

“My Struggle”-a book written by Adolf Hitler during his imprisonment in 1923-1924, in which he set forth his beliefs and his goals for Germany

Answer 20

Mein Kampf

Question 21

“living space”- the additional territory that, according to Adolf Hitler, Germany needed because it was overcrowded

Answer 21

Lebensraum

Question 22

Emperor of Japan from 1926 to 1989; he led Japan during World War II and was forced into unconditional surrender following the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Answer 22

Hirohito

Question 23

the making of concessions to an aggressor in order to avoid war

Answer 23

Appeasment

Question 24

dictator of spain from 1939 to 1973; he led the Nationalist forces against the Spanish Democratic republic in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39)

Answer 24

Fransico Franco

Question 25

A policy of avoiding political or military involvement with other countries

Answer 25

Isolationism

Question 26

The Third German Empire, established by Adolf Hitler in the 1930s.

Answer 26

Third Reich

Question 27

a 1938 meeting of representatives from Britain, France, Italy, and Germany, at which Britain and France agreed to allow Nazi Germany to annex part of Czechoslovakia in return for Adolf Hitler's pledge to respect Czechoslovakia's new borders

Answer 27

Munich Conference

Question 28

An agreement in which nations promise not to attack one another

Answer 28

nonagression pact

Question 29

"lighting war" - a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry forces.

Answer 29

blitzkrieg

Question 30

President of French Republic from 1958-1969; as a french general during World War II, he helped organize resistance to Germany and Vichy control of France

Answer 30

Charles de Gaulle

Question 31

British prime minister; he opposed the policy of appeasement and led Great Britain through World War II.

Answer 31

Winston Churchill

Question 32

A series of battles between German and British air forces, fought over Britain in 1940-1941

Answer 32

Battle of Britain

Question 33

German general during World War II; he commanded the Afrika Korps and was nicknamed the Desert Fox for his leadership

Answer 33

Erwin Rommel

Question 34

a declaration of principles issued in August 1941 by British prime minister Winston Churchill and U.S. president Franklin Roosevelt, on which the Allied peace plan at the end of World War II was based

Answer 34

Atlantic Charter

Question 35

Japan's most prominent naval officer during World War II, he planned the attack on Pearl Harbor and was responsible for the later Japanese defeat at the Battle of Midway.

Answer 35

Isorku Yammato

Question 36

US naval base that was attacked on December 7, 1941 by the Japanese Empire bringing the U.S. into World War II.

Answer 36

Pearl Harbor

Question 37

a 1942 sea and air battle of World War II, in which American forces defeated Japanese forces in the central Pacific

Answer 37

Battle of Midway

Question 38

An American general, he commanded U.S. troops in the southwest Pacific during World War II and administrated Japan after the war ended. He later commanded U.N. forces at the beginning of the Korean War, until he was removed by President Truman

Answer 38

Douglas MacArthur

Question 39

a 1942-1943 battle of World War II, in which Allied troops drove Japanese forces from the Pacific island of Guadalcanal

Answer 39

Battle of Guadalcanal

Question 40

1. an Indo-European people who, about 1500 B.C., began to migrate into the Indian subcontinent. 2. to the Nazis, the Germanic peoples who formed a "master race."

Answer 40

Aryans

Question 41

A mass slaughter of Jews and other civilians, carried out by the Nazi government of Germany before and during World War II.

Answer 41

Holocaust

Question 42

"Night of Broken Glass" -the night of November 9, 1938, on which Nazi troopers attacked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues throughout Germany

Answer 42

Kristallnacht

Question 43

City neighborhoods in which European Jews were forced to live

Answer 43

Ghettos

Question 44

Hitler's program of systematically killing the entire Jewish people

Answer 44

Final Solution

Question 45

the systematic killing of an entire people

Answer 45

gonocide

Question 46

General; thirty-fourth president of the United States; as Supreme Allied Commander in Europe during World War II, he led the Allied invasions of North Africa and of France (D-Day)

Answer 46

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Question 47

A 1942-1943 battle of World War II, in which German forces were defeated in their attempt to capture the city of Stalingrad in the Soviet Union

Answer 47

Battle of Stalingrad

Question 48

June 6, 1944—the day on which the Allies began their invasion of the European mainland during World War II.

Answer 48

D-Day

Question 49

A 1944-1945 battle in which Allied forces turned back the last major German offensive of World War II.

Answer 49

Battle of the Bulge

Question 50

during World War II, Japanese suicide pilots trained to sink Allied ships by crashing bomb-filled planes into them.

Answer 50

Kamikaze

Question 51

A reduction in a country's ability to wage war, achieved by disbanding its armed forces and prohibiting it from acquiring weapons.

Answer 51

Demilitarization

Question 52

the process of creating a government elected by the people

Answer 52

Democratization