Vocabulario de Migración - Prueba

Question 1

Movilidad Humana ( Human Mobility)

Answer 1

A key concept to understand the international and internal migration. Also the migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers.

Question 2

migrant

Answer 2

any every person that is outside of their origin country for residency purposes

Question 3

irregular migrant

Answer 3

irregular entry or over staying

Question 4

Refugiado (refugee)

Answer 4

a person that fears persecution because of race, religion, nationality, social group, political opinions. They look outside of their country of nationality for protection - Geneva convention 1951
UNHCR

Question 5

Declaración de Cartagena de 1984 - definition of refugee

Answer 5

people who have fled their countries because their life, security, liberty have been threatened by widespread violence, foreign aggression, internal conflicts, massive violation of human rights or other circumstances that have disrupted public order

Question 6

solicitante de asilo (asylum seeker)

Answer 6

a person who is claiming refugee status whose application is under assessment by the new nation

Question 7

Protección complementaria o subsidiary protection

Answer 7

legal mechanisms intended to protect and grant refugee status to persons in need of international protection who does not meet refugee status
- article 22 number 8 of the American convention on Human rights

Question 8

HET - hijos de extranjeros transeúntes

Answer 8

in 2014 the ministry of the interior and public security modified the interpretation of the HET concept, restricting its application only to children of tourists, crew members, stopped considering the irregular migratory status of the parents.
- Children born of irregular migrants

Question 9

apátrida - stateless

Answer 9

article 1 of the convention of state of stateless persons - it refers to any person who is not recognized as a citizen of any sate

Question 10

Tráfico de Migrantes- Trafficking Migrants

Answer 10

the facilitation of the illegal entrance of migrants trafficking by land, sea, air

Question 11

Trata de personas - trafficking in persons

Answer 11

the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons by means of threats, force, or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception abuse of power, payments for the purpose of prostitution, sexual exploitation, forced labour, slavery, organ removal

Question 12

NNA no acompañado

Answer 12

separated from two parents and other guardians without being under the care of adults who by law or custom has that responsibility

Question 13

NNA separada - separated

Answer 13

separated from both parents or legal guardians but not from other relatives

Question 14

flujo de migratorio mixto (zona gris) - the follow of migration

Answer 14

flows that originate from various causes and include migrants for economic or environmental reasons, regular or irregular situation, asylum seeker, refugees, victims of trafficking, unaccompanied children and adolescents

Question 15

desplazamiento interno - internal displacement

Answer 15

a person or groups of people that have been forced to leave their homes because of an armed conflict, general violent situations, the rights of humans, natural disasters or man-made - not technically international yet (crossed borders)

Question 16

derecho de circulación residencia

Answer 16

every person that has the right to move freely and to choose their residence in the territory of a state
- person has the right to leave any country including their own and return back to their country
- article 12 of the universal declaration de humans rights

Question 17

¿Qué son los derechos humanos?

Answer 17

According to the United Nations, humans rights are attributes inherent to all human beings without discrimination of any kind such as nationality, place of residence sex, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, language, gender. we all share the same rights. these are interrelated, interdependent and indivisible

Question 18

el desarrollo de la doctrina

Answer 18

stages:
1. individual rights:
2. social rights
3. community rights
4. rights of the citizens

Question 19

principios fundamentales del derecho internacional de los human rights

Answer 19

1. non discrimination
2. no criminalization of irregular migrants
3. reunified families
4. child interests
5. life and development ( due process - laws to protect the person)
6. right of being heard - free movement - right to migrate
   7.no devolución - transfer of power to a lower level (delegate)
7. right to a nationality
8. principio pro homine

Question 20

fuentes de ddhh

Answer 20

treaties, conventions, pacts, principles, jurisprudence, general observations

Question 21

derechos del individuo

Answer 21

liberties, civil, and political rights

Question 22

social rights

Answer 22

economic, social, cultural rights

Question 23

derechos de los pueblos

Answer 23

rights to clear and transparent information, participation, decision making, respect and recognition - community autonomy

Question 23

derechos de los sujetos

Answer 23

women, workers, migrants, NNA, disabled people

Question 24

obligaciones de los estados en derechos humanos

Answer 24

1. respetar - respect 2. garantizar - guarantee 3. proteger - protect 4. cooperar - cooperate

Question 25

marco conceptual para el proceso de desarrollo humano

Answer 25

based on international human rights standards, promotion and protection of human rights

Question 26

enfoque de derechos y cambio de paradigma ( rights based approach and paradigm shift)

Answer 26

understood inter-disciplinarily and inter-institutionally social inclusion subject of social policies are the same achieve the materialization of human rights the heart of the social policies are people and groups

Question 27

non-discrimination

Answer 27

no progress can be made at the expense of excluded groups

Question 28

non regressive

Answer 28

there is no room for regression in terms of guarantees and investments

Question 29

los programas sociales y los derechos humanos

Answer 29

who are the right holders and what are they entitled to strengthen those rights

Question 30

declaración Universal de DDHH

Answer 30

articulo 1: every human is born free, equal in dignity and rights articulo 2: every person has all of the rights declared in this declaration without discrimination articulo 7: all are equal before the law and are equally protected before the law

Question 31

Denuncia ante autoridad administrativa (complaint before the administrative authority)

Answer 31

pdi reports a foreiger to the national immigration service for violating law number 21325 - unauthorized border crossing 1. person detained 2. reporting your own irregular entry 3. cannot prove their regular entry with evidence

Question 32

explusiones - expulsions

Answer 32

return of a foreigner to their origin country. 1. administrative: presentation of defenses 2. judicial: ordered by a judge - prison sentence

Question 33

ingresos por pasos no habilitados (IPNH)

Answer 33

IPNH are people who have entered the country without authorization by the state. records of carabineros of the illegally detained and PDI 1. irregular income: enter chile through unauthorized places 2. exceptions: doesn't consider children

Question 34

Necesidades Específicas de Protección

Answer 34

This category groups the characteristics of refugee or displaced groups or individuals who face increased protection risks due to their circumstances or context. due to discrimination, their identity or other factors that prevent them from exercising their rights or accessing the services they need.

Question 35

institucionalidad migratoria

Answer 35

ministry of the interior sub-secretary of the interior national migration service advisors of political migration police authority - control migrants ministerio de rree: receive, resolve and grant requests for prior authorizations or temporary stay visas ● Verify authenticity of documents ● Resolve and grant official residence permits when appropriate

Question 36

Sistema de Visados de Chile: Nueva Ley de Migración y Extranjería

Answer 36

Chile's Immigration and Foreigners Act 21,325 has introduced significant changes to the country's visa system. establishes a more structured and detailed regulatory framework for migration management. the system covers various migration categories, including temporary residence, temporary residence, and permanent residence, each designed to meet the different needs and situations of foreigners who wish to enter or remain in Chile

Question 37

types of permits

Answer 37

1. transit 2. official residence 3. temporary 4. definitive residence 5. nacionalization

Question 38

subcategories of permites

Answer 38

1. migrants on the border zone 2. entry under condition 3. residence for a mission

Question 39

el duelo

Answer 39

a normal reaction before a loss

Question 40

del duelo migratorio

Answer 40

migrating as a complex grief, and a risk factor for mental health. - Ulysses, hero of The Odyssey: “I continually desire and long to return home.” - “Ulysses Syndrome” is the most complex syndrome within migratory grief.

Question 41

que es el duelo migratorio

Answer 41

the emotional answer when faced with migration psychological and social

Question 42

duelo complejo

Answer 42

when a set of situations - such as social circumstances - make the migration process difficult, as well as the processing of losses resulting from it. It can endanger mental health, and may lead to the development of Ulysses syndrome. This is usually the most frequent.

Question 42

duelo simpel

Answer 42

when migration takes place in good conditions. The person finds himself in an inclusive environment that facilitates his migration project: finding work, housing, a social network, etc. It is the least common.

Question 43

el sindrome de ulises

Answer 43

presented to migrants when they are living in adverse situations - alone, exluded, scared, defenseless

Question 43

estresores o factores que dan lugar al Síndrome de Ulises

Answer 43

- forced separation - feelings of desperation - absence of opportunities - fight for your survival - fear living in displacement

Question 43

Características del Duelo Migratorio

Answer 43

1) Es un duelo partial. 2) Es un duelo reoccuring. 3) Duelo múltiple. 4) La persona suele vivir en una ambivalencia. ambivilant

Question 44

etapas del duelo migratorio

Answer 44

luna de miel depresiva adaptacion rejection of their original culture

Question 44

como enfrentar el duelo migratorio

Answer 44

accept your feelings bae social support allow time to adjust

Question 45

desplazados internos

Answer 45

forced out of their home because of effects of a war, violence, violations of rights, natural disasters, causas ambientales

Question 46

migration system

Answer 46

1. reunification of family 2. labor or student 3. humanitarian 4. lottery

Question 47

teoria macroeconomicas

Answer 47

pulled by economic factors on a big scale (family). employment and economic development

Question 48

teorías microeconomicas

Answer 48

cost benefit analysis - reason for moving maximize wellbeing individual level

Question 49

push pull

Answer 49

factors that make a person want to migrate weighed by the reasons not abandon their home and characteristics of their new country

Question 50

teoria de las redes

Answer 50

social networks, family, communities networks facilitate migration

Question 51

enfoque transnacional

Answer 51

the migrants maintain links with the origin country similar and continue their their identity

Question 52

integracion

Answer 52

adapt and participate in society maintain cultural identity

Question 53

multiculturalismo

Answer 53

migrants maintain links with their origin country - participate with the social, economic and political networks of both places

Question 54

asimilation

Answer 54

adopt values, customs, practices, and abandon their cultural practices

Question 55

inclusion

Answer 55

equal access to opportunities, resources.