Vocabulary

Question 1

kinetic energy

Answer 1

the energy of motion

Question 2

atoms

Answer 2

the smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element

Question 3

compound

Answer 3

a substance that is made up of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio

Question 4

molecule

Answer 4

a group (2 or more) of atoms bonded together

Question 5

periodic

Answer 5

in a regular, repeating pattern

Question 6

valence electrons

Answer 6

electrons found in the highest energy level of an atom, involved in chemical bonding

Question 7

family/group

Answer 7

a VERTICAL column in the periodic table - they all have the same # of valence electrons

Question 8

period

Answer 8

a HORIZONTAL row in the periodic table - they all have the same # of electron shells

Question 9

electronegativity

Answer 9

a measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons

Question 10

chemical reaction

Answer 10

a chemical reaction is when a substance undergoes a change, and the atoms rearrange to form a new substance

Question 11

substance

Answer 11

a form of matter with a unique composition and distinct properties

Question 12

precipitate

Answer 12

a solid that forms as a result of a reaction between 2 liquids, 2 gases, or a liquid and a gas

Question 13

observation

Answer 13

information obtained through the senses

Question 14

inference

Answer 14

a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning

Question 15

matter

Answer 15

anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 16

law of conservation of matter

Answer 16

in a chemical reaction, matter cannot be created or destroyed. the elements are only rearranged

Question 17

compound

Answer 17

a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

Question 18

periodic

Answer 18

describes something that occurs or repeats at regular intervals

Question 19

family

Answer 19

VERTICAL COLUMN (elements in it have similar chemical properties)

Question 20

period

Answer 20

HORIZONTAL ROW (elements in a period have same number of electron shells

Question 21

ion

Answer 21

a charged atom or molecule

Question 22

cation

Answer 22

positively charged atom

Question 23

anion

Answer 23

negatively charged ion

Question 24

covalent bond

Answer 24

chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule (between two nonmetals)

Question 25

ionic bond

Answer 25

formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another (only forms between metals and nonmetals)

Question 26

electronegativity

Answer 26

the measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons