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Vocabulary Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

anaphylaxis

A

a severe, whole-body allergic reaction

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2
Q

collagen fibril

A

a thin filamentous extracellular molecule made up of tropocollagen

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3
Q

collagen fiber

A

a large filamentous structure made up of collagen fibrils

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4
Q

core protein

A

the central protein component of proteoglycans

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5
Q

extracellular matrix

A

composed of ground substance and fibrous proteins

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6
Q

fibrillin

A

component of elastin molecules (defective/deficient in Marfan syndrome)

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7
Q

fibroblast

A

cell that secretes and maintains components of the ECM

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8
Q

ground substance

A

composed of proteoglycans, water, and glycoproteins

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9
Q

glycoprotein

A

proteins with various binding domains that hold connective tissues together

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10
Q

glycosaminoglycan (GAG)

A

long, unbranched chains of repeating disaccharides with alternating amino sugars and acidic sugars

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11
Q

hyaluronan

A

proteoglycan that is present in all connective tissues

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12
Q

macrophage

A

phagocytic cell that is derived from monocytes

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13
Q

mast cell

A

detects entry of foreign substances in the body and elicits a local inflammatory response

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14
Q

mesentery

A

gross anatomical structure made of CT that supports the loops of the intestines

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15
Q

multilocular

A

describes the arrangement/compartmentalization of multiple lipid droplets in brown fat

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16
Q

opsonization

A

coating of antigens by complement and immunoglobulins

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17
Q

proteoglycan

A

GAGs bound to core proteins

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18
Q

reticular fiber

A

collagen III

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19
Q

unilocular

A

describes the arrangement/compartmentalization of a single lipid droplet in white fat

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20
Q

anastomosis

A

cross-connection between blood vessels

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21
Q

angiogenesis

A

development of a new blood vessel from an existing vessel

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22
Q

artery

A

blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart that always has a tunica media

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23
Q

muscular artery

A

artery that contains 5 or more smooth muscle cell layers in the tunica media and typically has both an internal and an external elastic membrane

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24
Q

elastic artery

A

artery in which the predominant feature of the tunica media is elastic membranes

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25
arteriole
blood vessel that contains <5 smooth muscle cell layers in its tunica media
26
atherosclerosis
disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty material on their inner walls
27
capillary
smallest diameter blood vessel that has several different functional types
28
continuous capillary
have tight junctions that restrict flow through the paracellular pathway, so exchange of nutrients and wastes occur by transcytosis
29
fenestrated capillary
have perforations where the basal and luminal cell membranes join that facilitate the diffusion of nutrients, wastes, and other substances such as hormones
30
discontinuous capillary/sinusoid
have gaps in the endothelial wall and basal laminae. sinusoids have wider diameters to slow the blood, e.g. in liver and spleen
31
lacteal
lymphatic capillary found in center of intestinal villi
32
lymphatic capillary
discontinuous capillary that carries lymph rather than blood
33
diaphragm
protein structure that can be opened and closed to regulate the passage of substances through the perforations of a fenestrated capillary
34
hypertension
increased blood pressure caused by increased blood volume and long term vascular smooth muscle contraction
35
tunica adventitia
outermost layer of a blood vessel that contains connective tissue
36
tunica intima
innermost layer of a blood vessel that is endothelium and its underlying CT
37
tunica media
central smooth muscle layer of a blood vessel
38
valve
structure that regulates blood flow in veins and lymphatic vessels
39
vasa vasorum
blood vessels in the tunica externa that supply the media of large blood vessels
40
vein
large blood vessel that returns blood to the heart
41
venule
small blood vessel, larger than a capillary, that has no tunica adventitia
42
active immunity
antigen stimulus to the immune system that creates AMI or CMI
43
agranulocytes
monocytes and lymphocytes
44
antibody mediated immunity (AMI)
B cell response involving antibody production
45
antigen
a foreign substance such as a bacterium or virus
46
basophils
circulating granulocyte that is similar to mast cells
47
bulk antigen
foreign material in the blood or lymph that is consumed by macrophages
48
cell mediated immunity (CMI)
cellular response involving cytotoxic T cells
49
closed circulation
retention of RBCs within an endothelial lined vessel in the spleen
50
cortex
description of the outer functional layer of organs, e.g. thymus and lymph node
51
diapedesis
migration of lymphocytes across an endothelial barrier
52
eosinophils
granulocytes that modify allergic reactions and kill parasites
53
epithelial reticular cells
supportive and educating cells in the thymus
54
germinal center
site of B cell enlargement and division in AMI
55
granulocytes
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
56
high endothelial venule
site in lymph nodules of exit of lymphocytes from the blood
57
lymph node
filter for the lymph
58
B lymphocyte
immune cell that produces antibody upon stimulation
59
Helper T lymphocyte
immune cell that aids in both AMI and CMI
60
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte
the effector cell of CMI
61
Marginal sinus/zone
zone of antigen presentation in the spleen
62
medulla
description of the inner functional layer of organs, e.g. thymus or lymph node
63
medullary cord
an extension of the cortical region of the lymph nodes
64
memory cell
a cell exposed to a specific antigen that circulates as a small lymphocyte
65
monocytes
cells that can form macrophages, chondroclasts, or osteoclasts
66
neutrophils
a phagocytic WBC that has a segmented nucleus
67
open circulation
region of the spleen where RBCs can enter the red pulp
68
PALS
region of T cells in the white pulp of the spleen
69
passive immunity
transfer of AMI or CMI by transfusion
70
plasma cell
main antibody producing cell in AMI
71
platelet
cell fragment of megakaryocytes that is involved in blood clotting
72
primary lymphoid organ
bone marrow or thymus
73
red pulp
area of blood filtration in the spleen
74
secondary lymphoid organ
spleen, lymph nodes, gut associated lymphoid tissue
75
spleen
a filter for the blood
76
white pulp
region of immune response within the spleen

CSF (2 decks)

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