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Psychology 241 > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

When describing a relationship using the format changes in Y as a function of X

A

As a Function of

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2
Q

A vertical bar is centered over each score on the X axis and adjacent bars do not touch

A

Bar Graph

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3
Q

A symmetrical distribution containing two distinct humps, each reflecting relatively high frequency scores

A

Bimodal Distribution

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4
Q

A scale measure with whole numbers and decimals

A

Continuous Scale

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5
Q

When neither variable is manipulated by the researcher, you have a

A

Correlational Study

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6
Q

NEED

A

Cumulative Frequency

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7
Q

Observations and measurements result in numbers or scores, called

A

Data

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8
Q

Each dot on graph

A

Data Point

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9
Q

The variable which measures a participant’s behavior under each condition

A

Dependent Variable

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10
Q

Procedures for organizing and summarizing sample data so that we can communicate and describe their important characteristics

A

Descriptive Statistics

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11
Q

The way a study is laid out

A

Design

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12
Q

Indicates the score is different from the mean, is equal to the score minus the mean

A

Deviation

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13
Q

NEED

A

Dichotomous Variable

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14
Q

A scale measured in whole numbers only, variable in one group or another

A

Discrete Scale

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15
Q

An organized data set

A

Distribution

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16
Q

Where a researcher actively changes, or manipulates one variable and then measures participants’ scores on another variable to see if a relationship is produced

A

Experiment

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17
Q

The number of times a score occurs in a data set

A

Frequency

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18
Q

Where a data point is placed over each score on the X axis at height corresponding to the appropriate frequency

A

Frequency Polygon

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19
Q

NEED

A

Grouped Distribution

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20
Q

A bar graph where adjacent bars do touch

A

Histogram

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21
Q

The variable that is changed or manipulated by the experimenter

A

Independent Variable

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22
Q

Procedure for deciding weather sample data accurately represent a particular relationship in the population

A

Inferential Statistics

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23
Q

A scale in which the numbers measure a specific amount, no true zero

A

Interval Scale

24
Q

A specific amount or category of the independent variable that creates the specific situation under which participants are examined

A

IV Conditions

25
Q

NEED

A

Line Graph

26
Q

The score located at the mathematical center of a distribution

A

Mean

27
Q

The score at the 50th percentile

A

Median

28
Q

A score that summarizes the location of a distribution on a variable

A

Measure of Central Tendency

29
Q

The most frequently occurring score in a data set

A

Mode

30
Q

Contains extreme low scores that have a low frequency but does not contain low frequency, extreme high scores

A

Negatively Skewed Distribution

31
Q

Each score does not indicate an amount, rather it is used for identification (name)

A

Nominal Scale

32
Q

A bell shaped curve which represents that the scores are normally distributed

A

Normal Curve

33
Q

A scale where the scores indicate a ranking (ordered)

A

Ordinal Scale

34
Q

A number that describes a characteristic of a population of scores

A

Parameter

35
Q

The individuals measured in a sample

A

Participant

36
Q

A proportion multiplied by 100

A

Percent

37
Q

NEED

A

Percentile

38
Q

The entire group of individuals to which a law of nature applies

A

Population

39
Q

Contains extreme high scores that have low frequency but does not contain low frequency, extreme low scores

A

Positively Skewed Distribution

40
Q

A decimal number between 0 and 1 that indicates a fraction of the total

A

Proportion

41
Q

NEED

A

Ratio Scale

42
Q

A pattern in which the as scores on one variable change the corresponding scores on the other variable change in a consistent manner

A

Relationship

43
Q

NEED

A

Relative Frequency

44
Q

NEED

A

Relative Frequency Distribution

45
Q

A symmetrical distribution where there are no tails because the frequencies of scores are all the same

A

Rectangular Distribution

46
Q

A relatively small subset of a population, intended to represent the population

A

Sample

47
Q

Indicates the number of times each score occurs in a data set

A

Simple Frequency

48
Q

A number that is the answer from a descriptive procedure that describes a sample of scores

A

Statistic

49
Q

The codes used for symbolizing the mathematical operations performed in the formula and answers we obtained

A

Statistical Notation

50
Q

Extent to which one or close to one value of Y tends to be consistently associated with only one value of X

A

Strength of Relationship

51
Q

What you have when you add all of the positive and negative deviations together

A

Sum of the Deviations Around the Mean

52
Q

To find the scores of X

A

Sum of X

53
Q

The extreme scores in a data set, can be on both ends or just one end of graph

A

Tail

54
Q

A mathematical procedure for converting a set of scores into a different set of scores

A

Transformation

55
Q

NEED

A

Ungrouped Distribution

56
Q

When a polygon has one hump, indicating the score qualifies as the mode

A

Unimodel Distribution

57
Q

Anything that when measured can produce two or more different scores

A

Variable

Psychology 241 (1 decks)

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