vocabulary Flashcards
study this stuff. (148 cards)
1
Q
abject poverty
A
extreme poverty in which a person lives on less than one dollar per day.
2
Q
aboriginal collective thought
A
a way of thinking that values the group are more important than the individual.
3
Q
Aboriginal Healing foundation
A
is to encourage and support Aboriginal Peoples as they creat healing processes.
4
Q
Aboriginal Rights
A
the rights of the first nations, including their land and treaty rights history and language.
5
Q
Aboriginal self government
A
First nation metis and inuit groups making their own decisions in the economy.
6
Q
Who was Adam Smith
A
- Father of Capitalism
- Scottish political economist
- challanged ideas of mercantalism
- change towards lassiez-faire capitalism and free market economy.
7
Q
Adherence to collective norms
A
faithful observance of the norms or standards imposed on members of a group condition of membership in the group.
8
Q
Altruism
A
unselfishness and focus on the needs of others
9
Q
Anti-Terrorism Act
A
law passed by Canada’s parilment in december 2001due to september 11 2001, this gave canada special powers like surveillance and detention for dealing with people assosiated with terrorism
10
Q
A
11
Q
Anti war Movement
A
an organized campign against war. Veitnam anti war movement gained public support in the late 1960’s
12
Q
assmilation
A
the process by whereby ethnic or cultural groups adopt the culture of a dominant society.
13
Q
Authoritarian political systems
A
political systems in which all decisions related to governing the state.
14
Q
beliefs
A
the ideas and understandings that a person holds to be true, ofteninfluenced by such things as ones culture
15
Q
Bolsheviks
A
Members of wing of the Russian Social-democratic workes party.
16
Q
Bourgeosie
A
A french word that reffers to the middle class workes in europe in the middele ages. Karl marx used this word to refer to the buisness owning class
17
Q
Brinkmanship
A
international behaviour or foreign policy that takes a country to the brink of war.
18
Q
Canadian charter of rights and freedoms
A
A document entrenched in the Constitutional act,1982 that lista and describes the fundemental rights and freedoms guaranteed to Canadians
19
Q
Capitalism
A
an ecomic system based on free markets fair competition,wise consumers,and profit-motivated producers.
20
Q
capitalist economy
A
an economy that opertaes with limited government intervention
21
Q
censorship
A
restricting freedoms of expression of freedom of access to work.
22
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centrally planned economy
A
an economic system based on ownership of property.
23
Q
citizenship
A
membership by birth or naturalization in society.
24
Q
civil disobedience
A
intentional,public refusal to obey a law usually a form of non violent political protest
25
class system
the division of a society into different classes of people.
26
classical liberal
based on the ideology of classical liberalism.
27
Classical liberalism
an idea that is bases on the belief that the rights and freedoms of the individual should be the base for society.
28
Cold War
an ideological between the communist Soviet Union and its allies.
29
Collective Interest
the set of goals or ideals that members of a group pursue together and that will benifit the group as a whole.
30
collective responsibility
a groups responsibility for the actions of all of its individual members.
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Collective Security
the mutual protection of the members of an organization against an outside threat.
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Collective will
the wants or wishes of a group of people
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collectivism
an ideology that places the needs and wants of a group before the individual
34
command economy
an economic system based on public ownership of property.
35
common good
the good of a community something that benifts the public health
36
communism
an ideology based on the belief that the oppressed working class must overcome its property-owning oppressors through revolution.
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competition
the struggle among two or more people or groups for an economic social or political advantage.
38
consensus decision making
a form of decision making whereby individuals in a group share ideas
39
constitutional act
the act originally passed by the British Parliment that established Canada and its form of government
40
constitutional monarchy
a political system in which a monarch share power with a constitutionalll organized government.
41
containment
the US Cold War poicy of stopping the spread of communism by establishing strategic allies around the world
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co-operation
people working together
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cost of living
how much money is needed to provide a person or family with a certain standard of living
44
Crown corporations
companies owned by Canadain federal or provinvial governments
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Crown Land
government owned land
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compulsory enfranchisement
the automatic loss of status and rights provided by the Indian Act
47
debt
an obligation to pay back borrowed money
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democracy
a political system in which the people have the power to make or influence government decisions
49
detente
a period of the Cold War from the mid 1960's to 1979 during which the major powers tried to lesson the tenisions between them with diplomacy
50
deterrence
the cold war foriegn policy of both major powers aiming to deter the military advances of the other
51
dictator
a individual ruler or small group that has complete control over the laws by which its people live
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dictatorship
a form of government in which one person or small group posses absolute power
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democratic socialism
a political ideology that advocates a peaceful evolutionary transition of society from capitalism to socialism
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direct democracy
a form of democratic government in which people participate directly in political decision making
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distribution of wealth
how the wealth and income generated by an economy are divided or shared among the different groups
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economic equality
a principle common to collectivist ideologies
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economic freedom
the ability of individuals to act freely as consumers and producers within an economic system
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egaltarianism
an ideology that holds that all the people should be treated as equals
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emergencies act
a set of laws that permits the Canadain Government to invoke special measures to deal with emergencies
60
enfranchisement
granting people the rights of citizens
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evironment
our surroundings
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enviromental concerns
areas of political concern regarding the natural environment
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enviornmentalism
a political and ethical ideology that focuses on protecting the natural environment
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equal oppertunity
policies and practices in employment and other areas that do not discriminate against individuals
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equitable distribution of income and wealth
the idea that all people should earn equal income for work of similar value
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eugensies
an ideology based on the premise that all human physical and mental charachteristics are passed on through biological heredity
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excessive intrusion
government interering with personal or buisness matters which some people believe to be unreasonable
68
expansionism
a political and military policy of taking over additional territory through violation of another country's sveriegnty
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extremism
the actions or ideologies of indivduals or groups outside what is established
70
facism
an authoritarian system of government system of government that includes extreme nationalism
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feminism
a political movement involving organized efforts to achieve political social
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first nations
Aboriginal or first people who were once called Indians desendant of the original inhabitants
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first past the post
an electoral system in which the cadidate with the most votes in an electoral district wins the election
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flat tax
a tax system in which taxpayers at all lavels of income are taxed
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free market economy
an economic system that operates with limited government.
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free vote
a special vote in which legislators are free to vote as they choose rather than according to the policy of their political party
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fundamental right
the key rightsd with which some believe all human beings are born such as the rights to life liberty and security
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global warming
an increase of the average temperature of the earths atmosphere
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government intervention
actions taken by government to influence the economy
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governor general
in canada the apointed representative of the Crown, head of state
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grassroots movement
a camaign that usually begins with the stock market crash in 1929 and continued through the 1930's
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great law of peace
the constitution of the Haudensaunee Confederacy peace power and righteousness
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Haudensaunee Confederacy
an alliance of six first nations: mohawk,oneida,onondaga,cayuga,seneca,and tuscarora
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health crisis
the threat of disease spreading widely and quickly
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human interdependence
the idea that humans do not live their lives in isolation
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humanitarian crisis
disasters such as famines pandemics and natural diasters that cause great loss of life
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humanitarianism
an ideology based on trying to improve other people living conditions such as providing care for those in need
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humanrights
the rights and freedoms that all humans are entitled
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ideological conflict
a stuggle between two distinct and opposing sets beliefs and values
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ideological spectrum
a diagram on which ideologies can be organized according to a particular set of criteria
91
ideology
a system of thought based on beliefs and values that include ideas about how the worls works
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imposition
forcing something on people whether they want it or not
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indian act
an act of canadas parliment first passed in 1876
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individualism
the idea that the individual is more important than the group
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individual rights and freedoms
the rights assosciated with personal liberty
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industrialization
the process of introducing technology to produce goods
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industrial revololution
economic and social changes
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interest groups
organizations that seek to influence elected officials
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internet censorship
the act of restricting freedom
100
inuit
aboriginal people in northern canada
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John Stuart Mill
an infulential British political thinker whose essay on liberty is seen as on of the most important originals of liberal thought
102
Labour Standards
government enforced rules and standards aimed at providing safe and clean working enviorments
103
labour unions
organized groups of workers who try to improve the working conditions
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Laissez-faire
it means leave alone, it is a type of economy that doesnt intervene
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land holding
ideas that practices related to access and rights to the use of land
106
leadership
demonstrating the ability to lead a group of people to get something done
107
Leninism
a political ideology based of vladimir lenins beliefs on communism
108
liberal democracy
a form of government in which the rights and freedoms of the individual are guaranteed
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liberalism
an ideology based on the fimportance of individual liberty and the values of individualism
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liberation movements
peopls military and political struggles for independance from countries that have colonized
111
lieutenant governor
the appointed representative of the Crown in each province
112
limited government
the principle of minimal government intervention in the lives of individuals and in the workings of an economy
113
majority government
a government party holding more than half the seats in parilment
114
marxism
the idead that the working class should over throw the capitalist class
115
median
the middle value in a set of values
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mercantilism
an idea that a country should export more goods than they should import
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meritocracy
a type of social system in which people are rewarded for there hard work
118
Metis
people mixed of firsts nations and european ancestry
119
millennium developement goals
world wide goals set in 2000, it was to have world wide pverty cut in half
120
minority government
a goverment formed when the governing political party
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mixed economy
an economic system in which the free-market principles are combined with some degree of government intervention.
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modern liberalism
an ideology that develoope over time to adress concerns with the inequality and indjustices created by a capitalist economy
123
monopolies
companies with exclusive ownership or control of trade in a particular product
124
multiculturalism act
an act of canada's parliment that promotes peoples individual rights
125
national interest
goals that a country pursues for its own benifit especially to ensure its own security
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Natuarlization
the process of applying for citizenship
127
Nazism
a facist political ideology promoted by adlf hitler
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new deal
a series of economic measures introduced by the us president franklin d roosevelt
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non-alignment
the position taken during the Cold War by those members of the United Nations
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Non-partisan
not affiliated to any political party
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pandemic
a new infectious disease that emerges and causes serious illness among people across a large area
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parliamentary democracy
the greates representation in the parliment forms the government
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party solidarity
the idea that the members should be loyal and support the ideas of there party
134
plebiscite
a direct vote by citizens on a specific question submitted to them by thei government
135
political participation
any number of ways in which a citizen can be involved in the political process
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political parties
organizations of people who have the same or similar beliefs
137
poverty
the state having insuffiecient resources or income
138
poverty line
a level of income below which people are considered to be living in poverty
139
private enterprise
a way of organizing buisnesses based on private ownership
140
private property
materrial pocessions that are owned by an individual
141
pro-democracy movements
movments or campaigns in favour of demoracy
142
profile
a typical desription of a group of people
143
progressive taxation
system in which a persons tax rate increases as his or her earnings does
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proletariat
a term used by karl marx to refer to the class of industrial workers whose only asset is the labour thar they sell to an employer
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proportional representation
a system of voting where citizens vote directly for a party
146
protest
an expression of opposition or dissent
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proxy war
a war which the cold war superpowers supported opposing sides
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