Vocabulary

Question 0

Jellylike substance inside cells that contains molecules and in some cells organelles

Answer 0

Cytoplasm

Question 1

Theory that states that all organisms are made of cells are produced by other living cells, and the cell is most basic unit of life

Answer 1

Cell theory

Question 2

Membrane-bound structure that is specialized to perform a distinct process within a cell

Answer 2

Organelle

Question 3

Cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane- bound organelle

Answer 3

Prokaryotic cell

Question 4

Network of proteins such as microtubules and micro filaments, inside a eukaryotic cell that supports and shapes the cell

Answer 4

Cytoskeleton

Question 5

Organelle composed of a double membrane that acts as the storehouse for most of a cell’s DNA

Answer 5

Nucleus

Question 6

Interconnected network of thin, folded membranes that produce, process, and distribute proteins

Answer 6

Enfolds in reticulum

Question 7

Organelle that links amino acids together to form proteins

Answer 7

Ribosome

Question 8

Stack of flat, membrane-enclosed spaces containing enzymes that process, sort, and deliver proteins

Answer 8

Golgi apparatus

Question 9

Small organelle that contains and transports materials within the cytoplasm

Answer 9

Vesicle

Question 10

Bean-shaped organelle that supplies energy to the cell and has its own ribosomes and DNA

Answer 10

Mitochondria

Question 11

Organelle that is used to store materials, such as water, food, or enzymes that are needed by the cell

Answer 11

Vacuole

Question 12

Organelle that contains enzymes

Answer 12

Lysosome

Question 13

Small cylinder-shaped organelle made of protein tubes arranged in a circle, aids mitosis

Answer 13

Centriole

Question 14

Rigid structures that gives protection, supports, and shape to cells in plants,algae, fungi, and bacteria

Answer 14

Cell wall

Question 15

Organelle composed of numerous membranes that are used to convert solar energy, that contains chlorophyll

Answer 15

Chloroplast

Question 16

Double-layer of phospholipids that forms a boundary between a cell and the surrounding environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell

Answer 16

Cell membrane

Question 17

Molecule that forms a double-layered cell membrane, consists of a glycerol, a phosphate group, and two fatty acids

Answer 17

Phospholipids

Question 18

Model that describes the arrangement and movement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane

Answer 18

Fluid mosaic model

Question 19

Condition or quality of allowing some, but not all, materials to cross a barrier or membrane

Answer 19

Selective permeability

Question 20

Protein that detects a signal molecule and performs and action

Answer 20

Receptor

Question 21

Movement of molecules across the cell membranes without energy input from the cell

Answer 21

Passive transport

Question 22

Movement of dissolved molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Answer 22

Diffusion

Question 23

Difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

Answer 23

Concentration gradient

Question 24

Diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration ion to an area of lower water concentration

Answer 24

Osmosis

Question 25

Solution that has an equal concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution

Answer 25

Isotonic

Question 26

Solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution

Answer 26

Hypertonic

Question 27

Solution that has a lower concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution

Answer 27

Hypotonic

Question 28

Diffusion of molecules assisted by protein channels that pierce a cell membrane

Answer 28

Facilitated diffusion

Question 29

Energy requiring movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration

Answer 29

Active transport

Question 30

Uptake of liquids or large molecules into a cell by inward folding of the cell membrane

Answer 30

Endocytosis

Question 31

Uptake of a solid particle into a cell by engulfing the particles, see endocytosis

Answer 31

Phagocytosis

Question 32

Release of substance out a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane

Answer 32

Exocytosis