Vocabulary Flashcards
(235 cards)
1
Q
abandonment
A
withdrawal of one’s support or help from another person, despite having the responsibility to provide this support or help
2
Q
abuse
A
the willful infliction of injury or harm on another
3
Q
accreditation
A
official recognition by a professional association or non-government agency that the facility provides care to a certain standard
4
Q
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
A
a condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that results in a breakdown of the body’s defense systems
5
Q
activities of daily living (ADLs)
A
routine tasks of everyday life, essential for meeting a person’s basic physical needs
6
Q
acute care setting
A
a health care setting that specializes in providing care to people who become sick or injured suddenly, or who have other conditions that require short-term health care
7
Q
acute condition
A
an illness or injury that develops rapidly and usually resolves completely, after a period of time, with treatment
8
Q
acute pain
A
pain that occurs suddenly with injury, with illness or from surgery; lasts less than 6 months and lessens as tissue heals
9
Q
admission
A
a person’s formal entry into the health care setting
10
Q
advance directive
A
a legal document stating how the person wants health decisions made if he or she is unable to make or communicate these decisions independently in the future
11
Q
age-related memory impairment
A
difficulties remembering or recalling information, or learning new information, that occur with normal aging and do not impair a person’s ability to carry out normal routines and activities
12
Q
agnosia
A
the inability to interpret sensory input to recognize familiar things or people
13
Q
alignment
A
correct positioning of body parts relative to each other to maintain good posture
14
Q
ambulation
A
the medical term for walking
15
Q
amnesia
A
memory loss
16
Q
angina
A
chest pain that occurs because the heart is not getting enough oxygen
17
Q
anorexia
A
loss of appetite
18
Q
anxiety
A
a feeling of unease, dread or worry
19
Q
aphasia
A
problems with communication resulting from damage to the brain
20
Q
appetite
A
desire for food
21
Q
apraxia
A
the inability to plan and perform purposeful motor movements to complete a task despite having the ability and the desire to perform the task
22
Q
arthritis
A
a condition that causes joints to become inflamed, swollen, stiff, and painful
23
Q
aspiration
A
inhalation of fluids or other foreign materials into the lungs
24
Q
aspiration pneumonia
A
pneumonia that occurs when foreign material (such as food or vomit) is inhaled into the lungs
25
assault
an action that causes a person to fear being touched in a harmful or unwelcome way
26
assertive
adjective used to describe a person who is able to state his or her feelings and needs in a direct way, while still respecting the feelings and needs of others
27
assisted-living facility
a long-term care facility that provides limited assistance with selected tasks; residents are more independent than the residents in nursing homes
28
asthma
an illness in which certain substances or conditions, called "triggers", cause inflammation and construction of the airways, making it difficult to breathe
29
atraumatic care
a philosophy of caring for ill or injured children that focuses on reducing the negative effects associated with illness and injury by minimizing the physical and emotional stress the child and family members experience
30
atrophy
loss of muscle mass
31
automated external defibrillator (AED)
a device that delivers a defibrillation shock automatically or with the push of a button to help the heart restore an effective pumping rhythm
32
balance
stability achieved through the even distribution of weight
33
baseline
initial measurements that are taken to be compared with measurements taken later on
34
battery
touching another person in a harmful or unwelcome way
35
benign
noncancerous
36
bereavement care
care that is provided for people who are grieving after a loved one dies
37
bisexual
word used to describe a person who is attracted to people of both sexes
38
bloodborne pathogen
a disease-causing microbe that is transmitted through contact with an infected person's blood
39
body fluids
liquid of semiliquid substances produced by and released from the body, such as blood, urine, feces, saliva, mucus, vomit, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, wound drainage and sweat
40
body mechanics
using the body in a safe and efficient way to avoid placing unnecessary strain on muscles and joints
41
bony prominence
parts of the body where there is only a thin layer of fat and muscle between the skin and the underlying bone or cartilage
42
calorie
unit of measure used to describe the amount of energy a food supplies
43
cancer
the abnormal growth of new cells that crowd out or destroy other body tissues
44
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
a technique used to sustain breathing and circulation for a person who has gone into cardiac arrest
45
care plan
a document that details the care the person requires, as well as methods, equipment and frequency for providing that care
46
catastrophic reaction
an intense emotional and behavioral outburst over a seemingly small event, seen in people with dementia
47
cerebrovascular accident
a disorder that occurs when blood flow to part of the brain is blocked, causing the brain cells to die; also called a "stroke"
48
chain of infection
the six requirements that must be met before an infection can pass from one person to another
49
chemotherapy
the use of drugs to stop or slow the growth of cancer cells
50
chronic condition
an illness or injury that is ongoing and usually requires continuous treatment to manage
51
chronic heart failure
a condition that occurs when the heart is damaged or weak and is unable to effectively pump blood throughout the body
52
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
a term used to describe lung disorders that make it difficult for air to enter or leave the lungs
53
chronic pain
paint that lasts longer than 6 months
54
circumcision
surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis
55
client
a person who receives care in his or her home
56
closed bed
a bed where the bedspread is pulled up to cover the linens
57
cognition
thinking processes, which include memory, reasoning, judgment, and language
58
cognitive impairment
problems with thinking processes involving memory, reasoning, language, and judgment
59
comfort (supportive) care
care that makes the person more comfortable but does not prolong the person's life, such as oxygen therapy, the administration of pain medications and personal care
60
compassion
the quality of recognizing another person's hardship, accompanied by a desire to help relieve that hardship
61
communication
the process of giving and receiving information
62
condom catheter
a condom-like device that is placed over a man's penis and is connected by tubing to a drainage bag to collect urine, used in the management of incontinence
63
constipation
difficult elimination of dry, hard feces
64
contaminated
soiled with pathogens
65
contracture
a condition that results when a joint is held in one position for too long, causing the tendons to shorten and become stiff, resulting in loss of motion in the joint.
66
coordination
the use of direction and force for purposeful action
67
cover letter
a brief letter to a potential employer explains why you are interested in the job and the organization, summarizing the qualifications and experience you have that makes you an appropriate candidate for the job
68
culture
a shared set of beliefs, values, customs, and practices that characterizes a group of people or a society
69
cuticle
the skin along the edge of the nail
70
defecation
the elimination of solid waste from the body
71
dehydration
too little fluid in the body
72
delegation
the process of giving another person the authority and responsibility to complete a task on one's behalf
73
delirium
a rapid change in cognition that is related to chemical changes in the body
74
delusion
a fixed, false belief
75
wt. or wgt.
weight
76
microbes (microorganisms)
tiny living organisms that are too small to see but are all around us
77
tuberculosis
* airborne pathogen
| * bacterial infection of the lungs
78
isolation precautions
actions taken to isolate pathogens to prevent them from spreading
79
mentally impaired
mental or psychological disorder
80
laws
rules established by a governing authority to protect citizens from harm and provides a framework for resolving conflicts
81
breaktime
time off of work
82
legal rights
rights given to a person by a given legal system
83
confidentiality
keeping patients info private unless patient gives consent
84
competency evaluation program
assessment of the ability of a defendant to understand and participate in a court process
85
alignment
good posture
86
accreditation
official recognition that the facility provides care to a certain standard. gives recipients of healthcare confidence that they will receive quality care.
87
human sexuality
sexuality : how we perceive ourselves
88
sexual behavior
physical activities such as masturbation
89
sexual identity
sexual orientation and preference with regard to sexual partners..
90
human growth and development
human development: social changes, emotional changes, and cognitive changes
human growth: physical changes
life cycle: series of changes in the life of an organism
stage: age and show different human growth and developmental changes
91
respectful treatment
showing that you value others opinions, time, and privacy
92
standard precautions
precautions that health care workers take with every person
93
standard precautions
precautions that health care workers take with every person to protect themselves and others from pathogens that are transmitted in body fluids
94
direct care workers
people who care for individuals of all ages who have disabilities or a chronic illness and need assistance
95
communication model:
* sender
* message
* receiver
* confirmation
sender: person who is providing information
message: information sender gives
receiver: person getting info
confirmation: after receiving the senders message, the receiver becomes the sender and deliver his own message
96
phone etiquette
- be professional
- identify yourself
- be respectful
- take accurate messages
- respect privacy
97
flow sheet
used to track changes in measurements such as vital signs, intake and output, and weight over a period of time
98
slander
false and damaging statements about something or someone
99
in-service program
is a program, training, or staff development effort, where nurses are trained and discuss their work with others in their peer group
100
transmission-based precautions
must take additional precautions when a person's primary care doctor suspects/confirms that the person has an infection
101
body mechanics
you use your body in a safe and efficient way to accomplish tasks such as lifting, pushing, and pulling
102
patient-focused care
providing care that is respectful to the patient and meets his/her personal preferences
103
therapeutic
having healing powers for a disease or ailment
104
empathy
understand someones feelings or situation
105
orientation
an intro, as to guide one in adjusting to new surroundings
106
orientation
an intro, as to guide one in adjusting to new surroundings
107
positive attitude
is the belied that one can increase achievement by being optimistic
optimistic: looks at the positive side
108
nosocomial infection
" hospital acquired infection"
infections acquired in a hospital/ healthcare facility. Patient must have been admitted for other reasons
109
contact isolation
isolation precautions used to help stop the spread of germs from one person to another (ex: gloves)
110
compassion
is the quality of recognizing another person's hardship and wanting to help them with that
111
care plan
details the care a person needs and methods, equipment, and frequency for providing that care.
112
antimicrobial
agent that kills microorganisms or inhibits their growth
113
interpersonal skills
life skills we use every day to communicate and interact with other people
114
behavioral care plan
documented set of procedures that tells you what to do to stop behavior that negatively impacts health
115
nursing notes
used to document person's condition, care provided to that person, and any significant events that took place during the shift
116
subacute care setting
a special unit of a hospital or nursing home
typical length of a stay is less than 30 days
117
home health care
wide range of healthcare services that can be given in your home for an illness or injury
118
cognitive impairment
difficulty with thinking processes involving reasoning, judgment, and language
119
rehabilitation
treatment or treatments designed to help speed up the process of recovery
120
fire safety
watch people in your care when they smoke, follow rules , smoking apron, keep matches away from kids/confudsed people, don't allow smoking around people using oxygen, report electrical equipment not working well
121
patience
ability to accept or tolerate decay, trouble, or suffering without getting angry or upset
122
arteries
blood vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body.. (think: Away)
123
burns: when to call 911
- burn making it hard to breathe
- burn covers a large area of the body
- head/neck/hands/feet/genitals burned
- younger than 5
- older than 60
- chemical or electrical burn
124
assistive device
devices that help people with disabilities
ex: wheel chair, hearing aid
think: assistant
125
metastasize
spread quickly (cancer)
126
validation therapy
show respect for the persons thoughts and feelings
127
chronic condition
lives the rest of his life with an illness or condition that never goes away
128
acute condition
illness that happens suddenly and goes away shortly
129
chronic illness
long term health condition that usually lasts more than 3 months
130
open ended questions
one that requires more than a simple "yes" or "no"
| * multiple sentences*
131
stroke / cerebrovascular accident
brain doesn't get enough oxygen/nutrients causing brain to die out , blood supply does not flow to the brain
132
abdominal thrust
- also called Heimlich maneuver
| - first aid procedure used to treat upper airway obstructions by foreign objects
133
* seizure
| * epilepsy
seizure: nerve cell activity in the brain is disturbed, causing seizure or abnormal electrical activity in the brain
epilepsy: a chronic seizure condition often controlled by medication.. long term seizures
134
e.r.
is a situation that arises suddenly/requires action to keep person safe
135
vital signs
measurements that give us basic information about how a person's body is functioning including temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure
136
CPR : cardiopulmonary resuscitation
something you do when person loses consciousness, not breathing, or no pulse
AED then CPR
137
back strain
stretching or tearing of muscle or tendon. A tendon is a fibrous cord of tissue that connects muscles to bones
138
apical pulse
when evaluating an apical pulse, you place a stethoscope over the apex of the heart and count each pulse beat by listening to it rather than feeling it
used when person has weak or irregular pulse, heart conditions, also used on babies
139
high-efficiency particulate air filter (HEPA) mask
masks that actively filter the air to prevent aerosols from passing through
140
hearing impairment
total or significant loss of hearing
141
visual impairment
a visually impaired person's eyesight cannot be corrected to a "normal level"
142
range of motion exercises
exercises that help to keep joints functional by moving them in a systematic way
143
anti embolic stocking
closely fitting covering for the foot and nearby parts of the lower limb .. blood clot stocking
144
bed cradle
frame placed over the body of a patient in bed for application of heat or cold or for protecting injured parts from coming in contact with bed clothes
145
therapeutic diets
meal plan, foods, treatment of a medical conditions
146
minerals
naturally occurring nonorganic homogenous solid substance *13 minerals are essential to health*
147
fats
| carbohydrates
slow energy
148
direct pressure
placing pressure on the wound will constrict blood vessels manually, helping to stop/slow any blood flow
149
depilatory cream
hair removal cream
150
shearing of the skin
occurs when they rub against the skin of an object
151
ingrown toenail
a condition in which the corner or side of a toenail grows into the flesh.
symptoms:
- pain
- redness
- swelling
- tenderness
152
unconscious
not conscious
153
circumcision
the surgical removal of the skin covering the top of the penis
154
circumcision
the surgical removal of the skin covering the top of the penis
155
emesis basin
a kidney shaped shallow basin with sloping walls used in medical and surgical wards to receive soiled dressings and other medical waste
156
mechanical soft diet
soft foods: example is mashed potatoes
157
clear liquid diet
jello, water, gelatin
158
gait
manner or style of walking
159
faulty equipment
impaired/broken equipment that doesn't work right
| think: fault
160
blood pressure
pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of the blood vessels
BP= systolic (max pressure) / diastolic (minimum pressure)
161
body temperature
measure of the body's ability to generate and get rid of heat
162
pulse
| radial pulse
pulse: throbbing of arteries as blood is propelled through them
radial pulse: pulse taken at the wrist (radial artery)
163
rectal
having to do with the rectum
164
respirations
movement of oxygen from the outside air to the cells within tissues and the movement of carbon dioxide int he opposite direction
165
disasters
a sudden event such as an accident or natural catastrophe that causes great damage/loss of life
166
shock
when a person is losing blood
condition in which a person's body cannot deliver enough oxygen-rich blood to organs/tissues
167
AED
| automated external defibrillator
the machine used to restore the hearts effective pumping rhythm
AED then CPR
168
contracture
abnormal shortening of muscle tissue making the muscle highly resistant to stretching
169
rights
legal entitlement to have or obtain something in a certain way
170
right to equal care
prevent discrimination
171
resident abuse
neglectful or intentional behavior that causes harm to a resident
172
privacy
state of being free of public scrutiny/judgment
173
neglect
failure to do what a reasonable and careful person would be expected to do in a given situation
174
fraud
lying to gain a profit or advantage
175
fraud
lying to gain a profit or advantage
176
DNR
do not resuscitate
177
measuring a persons temperature:
* oral
* rectal
* axillary
* tympanic
oral: mouth
rectal: booty
axillary: underarm
tympanic: ear
think: ORAT
178
measuring a persons temperature:
* oral
* rectal
* axillary
* tympanic
oral: mouth
rectal: booty
axillary: underarm
tympanic: ear
think: ORAT
179
stethoscope
amplifying device has a large flat side used for adults
180
airborne germs
pathogens expelled into the air when an infected person breathes, coughs, or sneezes can travel a long distance on air currents
181
sharps container
container filled with used medical needles and other sharp medical instruments
think: needles are sharp
182
HIV: human immunodeficiency virus
virus that invades and destroys all of the cells that help us fight off infections
183
hepatitis (HBV)
inflammation of liver, an organ that performs many vital functions for the body
184
body fluids
a natural body fluid or secretion of fluid
ex: blood, saliva, semen
185
AIDS: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
person with AIDS is unable to fight off infections that ah healthy person would be able to control or resist
186
disinfectant
kills microbes on object or surface
187
disinfect
clean items of surfaces using disinfectant
188
symptom
common signs that help you recognize a possible infection
189
pathogens
harmful microbes that cause disease
190
bloodborne pathogens
infectious microbes in human blood that can cause diseases in humans
191
recording
written exchange of info between members of the health care team
192
coordination
use of direction and force for purposeful action
193
soiled linen pathogen
laundry with blood or potentially infectious materials
194
communication
process of giving and receiving information
195
listening
make an effort to hear something, be alert and ready to hear somethign
196
OSHA : occupational safety and health administration
occupational safety, and health administration government agency that helps protect workers from on the job injury
197
medicare
federally funded insurance for people 65 years or older
198
medicaid
federally/state funded insurance for low income
199
nurse home
long term care setting in which people require a much higher level of nursing care and supervisions
200
physical restraints
attached on or near a person's body to limit the person's freedom of movement
201
chemical restraints
medications used to subdue a person so that the person is unable to function normally
202
entrapment
getting caught in the side rails
203
incident
something unusual that happens to a person receiving care or a staff member or visitor and has potential to cause harm
204
restraints
any device that inhibits a person's freedom of movement
205
infection
disease caused by a pathogen
206
hand washing
most important thing you can do to control the spread of microbes
wash hands with soap and water
207
infectious
likely to spread infection
208
infection control
certain actions to control spread of microbes that cause disease
209
disinfectant solution ratio
1 and 1/2 cups bleach to 1 gallon of water
210
contaminated
pathogens are spread or a surface has pathogens on it
211
sterilization
destroys all of the microbes on an object or surface
212
personal protective equipment (PPE)
used to prevent microbes from contaminating your uniform, skin, or mucous membranes
213
resuscitation
revive from apparent death
214
resident's chart
legal document that details the persons condition and actions taken by the health care team in order to diagnose and treat
215
reporting
verbal exchange of information between members of the health care team. happens at change of shift and sometimes during shifts
216
patient rights
right to make decisions about his/her health care. these include right to accept or refuse care
217
ancestry
- origin/background
| - one's family or ethnic descent
218
comfort zone
a place or situation where one feels safe or at ease
219
written communication
can be used with people who are hearing-impaired
write messages on a piece of papers
220
verbal communication
involves use of spoken language and written language
221
nonverbal communication
sharing of information and feelings through body language, including gestures, body position, movement, and facial expressions.
222
close ended questiosn
can be answered with "yes" or "no"
223
gestures
movement of hand/body to express an idea or meaning
224
appropriate
suitable or okay to do in a certain situation
225
hearing impairment
total or significant loss of hearing
226
human sexuality
body image: mental image of own body
erection: bladder full/stiffy
gender identity: how a person perceives his or her maleness
masturbation: touch rub ones self
sexual harassment: unwanted sexual remarks
227
sexual needs
all people are sexual beings, and have needs for sexual expression and pleasure
228
social needs
most need to be liked, loved, and accepted by others
229
spirituality
belief in something greater than one self that helps a person assign meaning and purpose to life
230
human behavior
behavior: way a person acts toward others
cognitive: way a person thinks and understands the world
emotional: feeling
231
health care team
consists of :
- the person receiving care
- family
- staff
- other professionals responsible for providing care and other services
232
dietician
a person that has knowledge of nutrients that the patient will enjoy and need
233
ADLS
= activities of daily living
tasks that are needed to keep a person healthy and functional such as eating, bathing, etc
234
burnout
physical / mental collapse caused by stress or working too much
235
personal stress
stress caused by the nature of your work, change in life, or personal problems
