Vocabulary

Question 1

astringent

Answer 1

chemical compound used to shrink or constrict tissue. ex: Calamine

Question 2

burrows solution

Answer 2

astringent: aluminum acetate solution

Question 3

Domeboro Solution

Answer 3

astringent: aluminum acetate solution

Question 4

Annular

Answer 4

Circular

Question 5

Bulla

Answer 5

Large fluid-filled blister greater than 1 cm in diameter.

Question 6

Cyst

Answer 6

A papule or nodule that contains fluid or semi-fluid material

Question 7

Crusting

Answer 7

Occurs when plasma exudes weep through an eroded epidermis and dries on the skin surface.
It is rough on the surface and is yellow or brown in color.

Question 8

Desquamation

Answer 8

Latin “to scrape the scales off a fish”

More formally called skin peeling - the shedding of the outermost layer of tissue.

Question 9

Erosion

Answer 9

Loss of the surface (epidermis) of a skin lesion

It is a shallow moist or crusted lesion.

Question 10

Eschar

Answer 10

Dark-colored adherent crust of dead tissue found on some ulcers.

Question 11

Excoriation

Answer 11

Scratch mark or surface injury penetrating the dermis.
It may be linear or a picked scratch (prurigo – intensely itchy spots).
Excoriations may occur in the absence of a primary dermatosis.

Question 12

Fissure

Answer 12

Thin crack within epidermis or epithelium

Due to excessive dryness

Question 13

Fluctuant

Answer 13

Movable or compressible

Question 14

Hyperkeratosis

Answer 14

Increase in the dead cells on the surface of the skin forming scales (stratum corneum).

Question 15

Hyperpigmentation

Answer 15

Due to hypermelanosis that results in skin color that is darker than normal.

Question 16

Hypopigmentation

Answer 16

Skin color that is paler than normal

Question 17

Lentigo

Answer 17

Plural – Lentigines

Commonly referred to as “liver spots”

Question 18

Lichenification

Answer 18

Caused by chronic rubbing, which results in palpably thickened skin with increased skin markings and a lichenoid scale.
Occurs in chronicatopic eczemaandlichen simplex.

Question 19

Macule

Answer 19

Small area of color change, often defined as less than 1.5 cm diameter.
The surface issmooth and non-palpable.

Question 20

Nikolsky sign

Answer 20

A specific skin finding in which the top layers of the skin slough off when slightly rubbed.
Use a pencil eraser placed on the skin and gently twist back and forth.
Test result is positive, a blister will form in the area, usually within minutes.

Question 21

Nodule

Answer 21

An enlargement of a papule in three dimensions (height, width, length).
It is a solid lesion more than 1 cm in diameter.

Question 22

Patch

Answer 22

A patch refers to a large area of color change

Smooth surface.

Question 23

Papule

Answer 23

Small palpable lesions.
Usually by definition less than 1 cm diameter.
They are raised above the skin surface, and may besolitaryormultiple.

Question 24

Petechiae

Answer 24

Petechiae are small red, purple or brown spots - a form of purpura.

Question 25

Purpura

Answer 25

Bleeding into the skin. This may be petechial or as ecchymosis. Does not blanch with pressure (diascopy).

Question 26

Plaque 

Answer 26

Palpable flat lesion usually greater than 1 cm diameter. Most plaques are elevated, but a plaque can also be a thickened area without being visibly raised above the skin surface. They may have well-defined or ill-defined borders. The name 'plaque' is derived from the French word for plate.

Question 27

Polygonal

Answer 27

Skin lesion has a non-geometric shape.

Question 28

Prurigo

Answer 28

A chronic skin disease having various causes, marked by the eruption of pale, dome-shaped papules that itch severely.

Question 29

Pruritus

Answer 29

Intense itching

Question 30

Pustule 

Answer 30

Collection of pus. It is filled with neutrophils, and may be white, or yellow. Not all are infectious.

Question 31

Serpiginous

Answer 31

Non-defined wavy tract or margin | Imagine a snake crawling in a forward direction

Question 32

Telangiectasia 

Answer 32

Prominent cutaneous blood vessels. | Red or purple in color.

Question 33

Tumor

Answer 33

Abnormal mass of new tissue growth that serves no function in the body.  Usually classified as benign or malignant Often caused by cancer.

Question 34

Ulcer

Answer 34

Full thickness loss of epidermis or epithelium and dermis and may involve subcutaneous tissue. Heals with a scar. Often covered with an eschar.

Question 35

Vesicle

Answer 35

Small fluid-filled blisters less than 1cm in diameter. May be single or multiple. Fluid may be clear or blood-stained.

Question 36

Wheal

Answer 36

Also spelled ‘weal’ | Edematous papule or plaque caused by swelling in the dermis