Vocabulary

Question 1

Secular

Answer 1

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters

Question 2

Perspective

Answer 2

an artistic technique that creates the appearance of three dimensions on a flat surface

Question 3

Theocracy

Answer 3

a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god

Question 4

Predestination

Answer 4

the doctrine that God has decided all the things beforehand, including which people will be eternally saved

Question 5

Humanism

Answer 5

Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements

Question 6

Indulgence

Answer 6

a grant by the Pope of remission of the temporal punishment in purgatory still due for sin after absolution

Question 7

Denomination

Answer 7

a recognized autonomous branch of the Christian church

Question 8

Excommunication

Answer 8

the action of officially excluding someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian church

Question 9

Philip II

Answer 9

King of Spain, Portugal, and Sicily and jure uxoris King of England and Duke of Milan

Question 10

Absolute Monarch

Answer 10

a form of monarchy in which the monarch holds supreme autocratic authority, principally not being restricted by written laws, legislature, or customs

Question 11

Edict of Nantes

Answer 11

granted Calvinist Protestants of France substantial rights

Question 12

Cardinal Richelieu

Answer 12

French clergyman and statesman

Question 13

Louis XIV

Answer 13

was the King of France

Question 14

War of the Spanish Succession

Answer 14

a European conflict of the early 18th century

Question 15

Thirty Years War

Answer 15

a war fought in central Europe from 1618 to 1648

Question 16

Seven Years War

Answer 16

global war fought between 1756 to 1763

Question 17

Ivan the Terrible

Answer 17

was the grand prince of Russia from 1533 to 1547

Question 18

Peter the Great

Answer 18

ruled the tsardom of Russia

Question 19

English Civil War

Answer 19

series of civil war between the Parliamentarians and Royalists

Question 20

Habeas Corpus

Answer 20

a writ requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, especially to secure the person’s release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention

Question 21

Glorious Revolution

Answer 21

when William of Orange took the English throne from James II

Question 22

Constitutional Monarchy

Answer 22

a form of government in which a non-elected monarch functions as head of states withing the limits of a constitution

Question 23

Palace of Versailles

Answer 23

was the principal royal residence of France

Question 24

Mercantilism

Answer 24

belief in the benefits of profitable trading

Question 25

Triangular Trade

Answer 25

trading networks where slaves and other goods were exchanged between countries

Question 26

Colony

Answer 26

land controlled by another nation

Question 27

Middle Passage

Answer 27

voyage that brought captured Africans to the west indies and later to the Americas to be sold as slaves

Question 28

Conquistador

Answer 28

the Spanish soldiers, explorers, and fortune hunters part of the quest of the Americas in the 16th century

Question 29

Guerilla

Answer 29

a member of the loosely organized fighting force that makes surprise attacks on enemy troops occupying his or her country

Question 30

Social Contract

Answer 30

the agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government

Question 31

Blockade

Answer 31

the use of troops or ships to prevent commercial traffic from entering or leaving a city or region

Question 32

Philosopher

Answer 32

one of a group of social thinkers in France during the Enlightenment

Question 33

Salon

Answer 33

a social gathering of intellectuals and artists, like those held in homes of wealthy women in Paris and other European cities during the Enlightenment

Question 34

Guillotine

Answer 34

a machine for beheading people, used as a means of execution during the French Revolution

Question 35

Coup d' etat

Answer 35

overthrow/takeover