Vocabulary

Question 1

Asexual reproduction

Answer 1

When a cell makes a new cell by mitosis.

Question 2

Mitosis

Answer 2

When a cell makes an identical copy of itself by dividing.

Question 3

Excretion

Answer 3

Take in the useful molecules, put out the useless molecules.

Question 4

Ingestion

Answer 4

Taking things into an organism.

Question 5

Photosynthesis

Answer 5

Making food from carbon dioxide and water using energy from the sun.

Question 6

Specialised

Answer 6

Has a unique shape to do a unique job.

Question 7

Organelle

Answer 7

A part of a cell that does a specific job.

Question 8

Biuret

Answer 8

A chemical that turns purple when there is protein.

Question 9

Protein

Answer 9

A big molecule that organisms are made of that performs many functions in cells.

Question 10

Enzyme

Answer 10

A protein that does a chemical reaction.

Question 11

Respiration

Answer 11

When an organism gets energy from food.

Question 12

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 12

Respiration without oxygen.

Question 13

Aerobic respiration

Answer 13

Respiration with oxygen.

Question 14

Meiosis

Answer 14

Cell division producing gametes.

Question 15

Pollination

Answer 15

When pollen is transferred to the stigma.

Question 16

Pollen

Answer 16

Male gamete (sperm) of a plant.

Question 17

Secretion

Answer 17

Taking out toxic chemicals a cell makes during its chemical reactions.

Question 18

Auxin

Answer 18

Plant hormone that makes cells longer.

Question 19

Offspring

Answer 19

New organisms made by reproduction.

Question 20

Self-pollination

Answer 20

When a plant’s own pollen fertilizes its own ovule.

Question 21

Petal

Answer 21

A part of a flower.

Question 22

Cross-pollination

Answer 22

When one plant’s pollen travels (on the wind or by insects) and fertilizes a different plant’s ovule.

Question 23

Nectary

Answer 23

The organ that produces nectar.

Question 24

Nectar

Answer 24

A sweet, sugary solution that is tasty to insects.

Question 25

Insect pollination

Answer 25

When an insect that pollinates plants by carrying pollen from one plant to other plants.

Question 26

Wind pollination

Answer 26

When the wind pollinates plants by carrying pollen from one plant to other plants.

Question 27

Seed

Answer 27

A fertilized ovule (embryo) of a plant inside a protective coat.

Question 28

Protect

Answer 28

Keep safe from danger.

Question 29

Fertilization

Answer 29

When a male gamete (sperm) cell meets a female gamete (ovum) to form an embryo (first stage of multicellular organism).

Question 30

Embryo

Answer 30

Youngest, smallest organism that is formed when a male gamete (sperm) meets a female gamete (ovum).

Question 31

Germination

Answer 31

When an organism grows from a seed.

Question 32

Sexually-transmitted infection

Answer 32

An infection that is transmitted through body fluids (blood, sperm, saliva).

Question 33

Fluid

Answer 33

Liquid.

Question 34

Saliva

Answer 34

Liquid that comes from the mouth.

Question 35

AIDS

Answer 35

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, a sexually transmitted infection that attacks the immune system.

Question 36

Immunity

Answer 36

Organism's protection against pathogens.

Question 37

Immune system

Answer 37

Cells and processes that protect and organisms against pathogens.

Question 38

Inheritance

Answer 38

Transmission of genetic information (DNA) from a parent to its offspring, which is why children look like their parents.

Question 39

DNA

Answer 39

Deoxyribonucleic

Question 40

Gene

Answer 40

Part of a chromosome that has instructions for making a specific protein.

Question 41

Chromosome

Answer 41

One molecule of DNA.

Question 42

Allele

Answer 42

Version of a gene. Alleles make different versions of proteins that have the same function but have slightly different structures.

Question 43

Diploid

Answer 43

Having two copies of every chromosome.

Question 44

Haploid

Answer 44

Having only one copy of every chromosome.

Question 45

Recessive

Answer 45

Needs to have both copies of an allele.

Question 46

Recessive genotype

Answer 46

The genotype of an organism that has both copies of an allele.

Question 47

Genotype

Answer 47

The specific alleles of a particular gene that an organism has.

Question 48

Phenotype

Answer 48

The specific characteristics that an organism has.

Question 49

DNA

Answer 49

Information-carrying molecule consisting of monomers of nucleotides, on which genes are located.

Question 50

Gene

Answer 50

Section of DNA molecule that codes for a protein.

Question 51

Polymer

Answer 51

A molecule made of a chain of monomers.

Question 52

Monomer

Answer 52

A small molecule that makes a polymer.

Question 53

Deoxyribose

Answer 53

The five-carbon sugar that is part of DNA

Question 54

RNA

Answer 54

A molecule similar to DNA that helps make protein from DNA.

Question 55

mRNA

Answer 55

DNA is copied into mRNA inside the nucleus.

Question 56

tRNA

Answer 56

tRNA drops off amino acids to the ribosome to make proteins.

Question 57

Ribosome

Answer 57

Makes proteins from the code stored in mRNA.

Question 58

Transcription

Answer 58

When DNA is copied to mRNA in the nucleus.

Question 59

Translation

Answer 59

When a ribosome makes a protein using the code on an mRNA molecule.