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Early Church Final Exam Study Guide > Vocabulary and Concepts > Flashcards

Vocabulary and Concepts Flashcards

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1
Q

What does ‘Adversus Judaeos’ mean?

A

‘Against the Jews’

Lecture reference

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2
Q

Who is Ambrose of Milan?

A

A significant figure in early Christianity. Born in Trier Germany. Studied Law and became an administrator in the Roman Empire. Became the local bishop in Milan

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3
Q

What are ancient biblical translations?

A

Early versions of the Bible translated into various languages

Lecture reference

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4
Q

Who was Antony the Great?

A

An early Christian monk and ascetic

Lecture reference

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5
Q

Who was Arius?

A

A Christian priest known for his teachings on the nature of Christ

Lecture reference

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6
Q

Who is Augustine of Hippo?

A

A theologian and philosopher whose writings influenced Western Christianity. Born in Roman North Africa Mother was Catholic but Father was not. Became a teacher of Rhetoric. Converts to Catholicism while in Milan inspired by Ambrose. Becomes a Monk, Priest, and a bishop

Lecture reference

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7
Q

What is Benedictine hospitality?

A

A practice of welcoming and serving guests in the Benedictine tradition

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8
Q

What is a confessor in Christianity?

A

A person who has confessed their faith, often facing persecution

Lecture reference

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9
Q

What was the Council of Chalcedon?

A

A significant ecumenical council addressing Christological issues

Lecture reference

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10
Q

What was the Council of Constantinople?

A

An ecumenical council that dealt with the nature of the Holy Spirit

Lecture reference

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11
Q

What was the Council of Ephesus?

A

An ecumenical council that affirmed the title of Mary as Theotokos

Lecture reference

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12
Q

What was the Council of Nicaea?

A

The first ecumenical council that established the Nicene Creed

Lecture reference

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13
Q

What is the Cry of Dereliction?

A

The phrase spoken by Jesus on the cross expressing abandonment

Lecture reference

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14
Q

Who was Cyprian of Carthage?

A

An early Christian North African bishop and martyr. Best known for his leadership in mid-third century percusation of Christians.

Lecture reference

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15
Q

What does deicide mean?

A

The act of killing a god, often referring to the crucifixion of Jesus

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16
Q

Who was Emperor Augustus?

A

The first Roman emperor, ruling from 27 BC to AD 14

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17
Q

Who was Emperor Constantine?

A

The first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity

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18
Q

Who was Emperor Diocletian?

A

A Roman emperor known for his persecution of Christians

Lecture reference

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19
Q

What does ‘Epiousios’ mean in the Lord’s Prayer?

A

A term often translated as ‘daily’ or ‘supersubstantial’

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20
Q

What is Erēmos?

A

A term referring to a deserted or solitary place

Lecture reference

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21
Q

What is eschatology?

A

The study of end times or last things in theology

Lecture reference

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22
Q

Who was Eutyches?

A

A theologian known for his views on the nature of Christ

Lecture reference

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23
Q

What is the forgiveness of sins in early Christianity?

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A

The belief in the absolution of sins through faith in Christ

Lecture reference

24
Q

Who were the Gnostics?

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A

A group of early Christians that believed the acquisition of knowledge played a key role in human spiritual life. Believed in the Fall of humanity from the divine realm. The Fall, Creation, Salvation

Hart article and lecture reference

25
What does homoousios mean?
The term meaning 'of the same substance,' particularly in reference to the Trinity ## Footnote Lecture reference
26
Who was Irenaeus?
An early church father known for combating heresies ## Footnote Chadwick article reference
27
What is the relationship between Jesus and Judaism?
A complex historical and theological connection ## Footnote Chadwick article reference
28
Who was Justin Martyr?
An early Christian apologist who defended the faith ## Footnote Chadwick article and lecture reference
29
What is a martyr?
A person who suffers death for their religious beliefs ## Footnote Lecture reference
30
Who was Melania the Younger?
A Christian ascetic and founder of monasteries in Egypt and Palestine. Came from a wealthy background. Returned to Italy in 400 then fled before Alaric's sacking of Rome in 410 ## Footnote Lecture reference
31
What is millenarianism?
The belief in a coming transformation of society, often linked to the end times ## Footnote Lecture reference
32
What is mystical theology?
A branch of theology that explores the nature of divine experiences ## Footnote Lecture reference
33
Who was Nestorius?
A theologian known for his Christological views that led to controversy ## Footnote Lecture reference
34
Who was Origen of Alexandria?
An early Christian scholar and theologian. Preached in Caesarea Egypt. Believes in the Fall just as the Gnostics. Believes the World was created by the Father working through the Word ## Footnote Freeman article and lecture reference
35
What is a parable?
A simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson ## Footnote Lecture reference
36
What does Parousia mean?
The second coming of Christ ## Footnote Lecture reference
37
Who was Paul of Samosata?
A bishop known for his controversial views on Christ's nature ## Footnote Lecture reference
38
What is Plato’s Allegory of the Cave?
A philosophical metaphor about perception and reality ## Footnote Lecture reference
39
What is the connection between Plato and Christian mysticism?
Plato's ideas influenced early Christian thought and mysticism ## Footnote Lecture reference
40
What is protology?
The study of origins, particularly in a theological context ## Footnote Lecture reference
41
Who was Pseudo-Dionysius?
A Christian theologian known for his mystical writings ## Footnote Lecture reference
42
What is Quartodecimanism?
The practice of celebrating Easter on the 14th of Nisan ## Footnote Lecture reference
43
Who was Hilary of Poitiers?
A bishop and theologian known for his defense of the Trinity ## Footnote Lecture reference
44
Who was Jerome?
A Christian scholar known for translating the Bible into Latin ## Footnote Lecture reference
45
Who was Martin of Tours?
A bishop known for his acts of charity and miracles ## Footnote Lecture reference
46
Who was Matthew?
One of the twelve apostles and the author of the Gospel of Matthew ## Footnote Lecture reference
47
Who was Melito of Sardis?
An early Christian bishop known for his writings on the Passover ## Footnote Lecture reference
48
Who was Peter?
One of Jesus' apostles and a key figure in early Christianity ## Footnote Lecture reference
49
What is the Septuagint?
An ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible ## Footnote Lecture reference
50
What is soteriology?
The study of salvation in Christian theology ## Footnote Lecture reference
51
What are spiritual senses?
The understanding of spiritual truths beyond physical perception ## Footnote Lecture reference
52
What is supersessionism?
The belief that the New Covenant in Christ supersedes the Old Covenant ## Footnote Lecture reference
53
Who was Tertullian?
An early Christian author known for his apologetic works. Lived in Roman North Africa, earlist Latin-speaking theologians ## Footnote Lecture reference
54
What is the Christian Passover?
The celebration of Christ's resurrection, often linked to the Jewish Passover ## Footnote Lecture reference
55
What is theological anthropology?
The study of humanity in relation to God and theology ## Footnote Lecture reference

Early Church Final Exam Study Guide (4 decks)

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