Vocabulary Ch 2 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Syllable
A unit of speech made up of an onset and rhyme.
Diphthong
A complex vowel, composed of a sequence of two different configurations of the vowel organs.
Monophthong
A simple vowel, composed of a single configuration of the vocal organs.
Subglottal system
The part of the respiratory system located below the larynx.
Glottis
The space between the vocal folds.
Bilabial
Sound produced by bringing both lips together.
Labiodental
Sound produced by making contact between the lower lip and the upper teeth.
Interdentals
Sound produced by positioning the tip of the tongue between the upper and lower teeth.
Alveolar
Sound produced by raising the front of the tongue toward the alveolar ridge.
Alveolar ridge
Bony structure located just behind the upper front teeth.
Palatal
Sound made by raising the body of the tongue toward the hard part of the roof of the mouth, for example, hard palate.
Velar
Sound produced by raising the back of the tongue toward the velum.
Glottal
Sounds produced at the larynx.
Fricatives
Sound made by forming a nearly complete obstruction of the airstream so that when air passes through the small passage, turbulent airflow or friction is produced.
Affricates
Sound produced by complete obstruction of the air flow followed by a slight release of the obstruction, allowing friction. An affricate can be thought of as a combination of a stop and a fricative.
Nasals
Sound produced by making a complete obstruction of the airflow in the oral cavity and lowering the vellum to allow air to pass through the nasal cavity, unlike oral stops.
Liquid
Consonant sound produced by an obstruction of airflow that is less than that of stops or fricatives, but more narrow than that of glides.
Syllabic consonant
A consonant that is the nucleus of a syllable and takes on the function of the vowel in that syllable.
Vowel space
Range of possible vowel sounds of a language from the high front vowel to the high back vowel. Languages and dialects choose a subset of possibilities in the vowel space but do not exploit all possibilities.
Superasegmental
A phonetic characteristic of speech sounds, such as length, intonation, tone, or stress, that.” rides on top of” segmental features. Must usually be identified by comparison to the same feature on other sounds or strings of sounds.
