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Pathophysiology > Vocabulary List Exam 3 > Flashcards

Vocabulary List Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

inotropic

A

modification (usually done with drugs) of force or speed of muscle contraction

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2
Q

regurgitation

A

a mixture of food and gastric acids that have been previously been ingested is brought back up through the esophagus

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3
Q

hypertrophic

A

tissue becoming thickened (especially in relation to the heart)

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4
Q

robust

A

having strength

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5
Q

pericardial friction rub

A

grating to-and-fro sound when the heart rubs against the pericardium

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6
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

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7
Q

spontaneous

A

sudden change

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8
Q

diaphoresis

A

sweating to an unusual degree

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9
Q

subcutaneous emphysema

A

de novo generation or infiltration of air underneath the dermal layers of skin

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10
Q

impede

A

to slow something down or prevent an activity from making progress at its previous rate

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11
Q

mean pressure

A

average arterial pressure throughout one cardiac cycle, systole, and diastole

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12
Q

pulsatile mass

A

weakening of the wall of the abdominal aorta

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13
Q

obstruction

A

something that is blocking a path

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14
Q

cholecystectomy

A

surgery to remove gallbladder

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15
Q

opthalmologic

A

branch of medical science that deals with the structure, function, and diseases of the eye

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16
Q

circumoral

A

pertaining to the area of the face around the mouth

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17
Q

hemosiderin deposits

A

capillaries beginning to leak

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18
Q

prioritizes

A

putting one task above another

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19
Q

excitability

A

readily roused into action or a state of excitement or irritability

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20
Q

hydrostatic

A

relating to fluids at rest or to the pressures they exert or transmit

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21
Q

osmotic

A

the process in plants and animals by which a liquid moves gradually from one part of the body to another through a membrane

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22
Q

exudative

A

to ooze or spread

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23
Q

non-transudative

A

does not pass through membranes

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24
Q

elastase

A

digestive enzyme made by pancreas

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25
Q

hereditary

A

characteristic determined by genetic factors

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26
Q

alpha1-antitrypsin

A

inhibits the neutrophil elastase activity in the lung and hence can protect it from proteolytic damage

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27
Q

euglycemia

A

blood glucose in a normal range

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28
Q

endothelial

A

single cell layer that lines the blood vessels

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29
Q

resistance

A

ability to withstand something

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30
Q

pharmokinetics

A

associated with the movement of drugs within the body

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31
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing

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32
Q

rupture

A

break or burst suddenly

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33
Q

coarse crackles

A

low pitched lung sounds

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34
Q

cardiomegaly

A

various conditions leading to enlargement of the heart

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35
Q

hepatomegaly

A

enlargement of liver beyond normal size

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36
Q

tachypnea

A

abnormally rapid breathing

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37
Q

anatomic shunt

A

blood that goes from the right to the left side of the heart without traversing pulmonary capillaries

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38
Q

exacerbation

A

worsening

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39
Q

viscous

A

having a thick consistent

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40
Q

midline

A

dividing body (or organs) into right and left sides

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41
Q

adhesive

A

to stick

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42
Q

sarcoidosis

A

immune system overreacts and cell form clusters of inflamed tissue called “granulomas”

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43
Q

asymptomatic

A

to not show symptoms

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44
Q

administration

A

to give something (particularly medication)

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45
Q

hypopigmentation

A

low amounts of melanin

46
Q

tracheal deviation

A

pressure in the chest cavity causing the trachea to shift to one side

47
Q

intolerance

A

exceptional sensitivity

48
Q

colloid

A

mixture of small particles distributed evenly throughout another substance

49
Q

pleural

A

serous membrane

50
Q

malignant pleural effusion

A

direct extension of cancer into the pleural space

51
Q

transudative

A

slow escape of liquids from blood vessels through pores or breaks in cell membranes

52
Q

proteases

A

enzyme that breaks down proteins and peptides

53
Q

deficiency

A

lack

54
Q

mediators

A

chemical agent that takes an active part in the development in the inflammatory response

55
Q

permeability

A

velocity of a passage

56
Q

pulmonary congestion

A

fluid building up in lungs

57
Q

perfusion

A

passage of bodily fluids through the organs or lymph system

58
Q

peripheral

A

away from center

59
Q

dentition

A

arrangement or condition of teeth in a particular species

60
Q

non-rebreather mask

A

mask that delivers high concentration of oxygen

61
Q

productive cough

A

cough that brings up mucous or phlegm

62
Q

orthopnea

A

shortness of breath while lying flat

63
Q

end-organ vascular damage

A

lethal organ damage

64
Q

free radical injury

A

exposure to toxic chemicals causing injury

65
Q

tachypnea

A

abnormally excessive breathing rate

66
Q

stimulus

A

the cause of start

67
Q

abdominal ascites

A

fluid collecting in the abdomen

68
Q

pitting edema

A

excess fluid causing a pit in the skin when pressed down on

69
Q

bronchospasms

A

muscles that line the airway tighten

70
Q

corticosteroids

A

anti-inflammatory

71
Q

stiffening of lungs causing increased resistance

A

using accessory muscles to breath

72
Q

empyema

A

collection of pus in the pleural cavity

73
Q

chylothorax

A

lymph formed in the digestive system accumulates in the chest cavity

74
Q

acyanotic

A

when the blood contained enough oxygen but is pumped abnormally around the body

75
Q

compression elastic stockings

A

improves blood flow in the veins through legs

76
Q

ambulation

A

the ability to walk with out assistance

77
Q

flank pain

A

pain below the rib and above the ilium

78
Q

stridor

A

high pitched lung sounds

79
Q

systolic murmur

A

a heart sound that starts during or after the first heart sound and before or during the second heart sound

80
Q

portal hypertension

A

increased pressure within the portal venous system

81
Q

claudication

A

muscle pain due to lack of oxygen that is relieved at rest and aggravated with activity

82
Q

alpha-fetoprotein

A

screening product for down syndrome

83
Q

latent

A

hidden, dormant, inactive

84
Q

zygomatic fracture

A

disarticulation of the zygomatic bone at the zygomaticofrontal suture

85
Q

ataxic respiratory pattern

A

an irregular respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth with or without brief respiratory pauses less than 10 seconds, or a repeating pattern of several breaths

86
Q

incubation/medical ventilation

A

a tube goes down a patient’s windpipe to assist with breathing

87
Q

tachycardia

A

abnormally elevated heart rate

88
Q

deoxygenated hemoglobin

A

hemoglobin without bound oxygen

89
Q

real hypertrophy/hyperplasia

A

increase in cell mass; increase in number of cells

90
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

91
Q

cyanosis

A

skin turning blue due to lack of oxygenated blood

92
Q

ventilation

A

assistance breathing

93
Q

reflex bradycardia

A

bradycardia (decrease in heart rate) in response to the baroreceptor reflex

94
Q

distended neck veins

A

bulging of major neck veins

95
Q

catecholamine

A

motor control, cognition, emotion, memory processing, and endocrine modulation

96
Q

epinephrine

A

neurotransmitter and hormone

97
Q

lung compliance

A

the change in volume in the lungs for a given change in transpulmonary or transmural pressure

98
Q

hemothorax

A

blood collecting in the pleural space

99
Q

hydrothorax

A

fluid collecting in the pleural space

100
Q

intermittent pneumatic compression boots

A

improve lower leg circulation

101
Q

fluid restriction

A

limited amount of liquids a patient can drink daily

102
Q

pallor

A

unhealthy pale appearence

103
Q

palpitations

A

feelings or sensations that your heart is pounding or racing

104
Q

effusion

A

a buildup of fluid between the layers of tissue that line the lungs and chest cavity.

105
Q

exertional dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing with exertion

106
Q

syncope

A

passing out or fainting

107
Q

petechia

A

pinpoint, round spots on the skin

108
Q

cancer mareker CA-125

A

levels over 35u/ml indicate cancer

109
Q

thrombin and procoagulants

A

clotting factors

110
Q

disparity

A

unequal treatment of patients on the basis of race or ethnicity, and sometimes on the basis of gender or other patient characteristics.

Pathophysiology (2 decks)

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