Vocabulary (Term & Def)

Question 1

Bull Market

Answer 1

A long period of rising stock prices

Question 2

Purchase on Margin

Answer 2

Buying stock by paying a small amt upfront and borrowing the rest

Question 2

Margin Call

Answer 2

Broker demand: investors deposit more money to cover potential losses in margin accounts

Question 3

Black Tuesday

Answer 3

October 29, 1929, the stock market crashed, leading to the G.D.

Question 4

Bank Run

Answer 4

A large number of bank customers simultaneously withdraw deposits

Question 5

Breadline

Answer 5

A line of people waiting to receive free food

Question 6

Soup Kitchen

Answer 6

A place where free food and meals are given to poor people

Question 7

Shantytowns
Hoovervilles

Answer 7

Homeless people put up shacks on unused or public lands

Question 8

Hoboes

Answer 8

A homeless and usually penniless wanderer

Question 9

Dust Bowl

Answer 9

Severe drought and dust storms in central U.S. -by poor farming practices

Question 10

Okies

Answer 10

Farmers from Oklahoma and the dust bowl who headed west for work

Question 11

Herbert Hoover and his programs

Answer 11

31st President -minimal government intervention -public works / relief efforts

Question 12

Public Works

Answer 12

Government-funded construction projects -for jobs

Question 13

Bonus Army

Answer 13

1932 -WWI veterans marched on Washington, D.C. -demand early bonus payments promised by gov

Question 14

Hunger Marches

Answer 14

Protests by unemployed workers / families demand food and jobs

Question 15

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)

Answer 15

32nd President -N.D. to give relief, recovery, and reform

Question 16

Eleanor Roosevelt

Answer 16

FDR wife -civil rights and social welfare - New Deal programs

Question 17

How did the Great Depression affect American families

Answer 17

-lost homes / jobs -money trouble with limited government aid

Question 18

Fireside Chats

Answer 18

Radio broadcasts by FDR -reassure people -explain his policies

Question 19

New Deal

Answer 19

progs / reforms by FDR to give relief, recovery, and reform

Question 20

Bank Holiday

Answer 20

Temporary closing of banks to prevent further panic withdrawals

Question 21

Hundred Days

Answer 21

FDR’s first 100 days, -N.D. progs to fight G.D.

Question 22

Farm Credit Administration (FCA)

Answer 22

N.D. age -farmers renew loans / avoid foreclosure

Question 23

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

Answer 23

N.D. prog -pay to raise prices of crops -stabilize the agricultural market

Question 24

Emergency Banking Relief Act

Answer 24

1933 -money to reopen banks under strict conditions

Question 25

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Answer 25

N.D. proj -employed men to work on environmental conservation projs

Question 26

National Recovery Administration (NRA)

Answer 26

N.D. age -regulate industry -promote fair wages / working conditions

Question 27

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Answer 27

N.D. age -public works projs -millions of jobs

Question 28

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

Answer 28

N.D. prog -flood control, electricity, and economic development -Tennessee Valley

Question 29

Wagner Act

Answer 29

1935 -law guaranteed workers' rights to collectively unionize / bargain

Question 30

Court Packing

Answer 30

FDR’s proposal to expand the Supreme Court to ensure N.D. laws would stay

Question 31

Second New Deal

Answer 31

2nd phase of FDR’s N.D. -social welfare / labor rights -Social Security Act

Question 32

Impact of Great Depression upon All Americans

Answer 32

-widespread unemployment / homelessness / broken families -fostered resilience / new gov progs

Question 33

How did the Great Depression affect the divorce rate

Answer 33

Initial decline -no money made it hard for people to afford separating -later rose due to stress

Question 34

Repatriation

Answer 34

Immigrants forced or voluntary return to their home countries as jobs decreased (More Mexican Americans)

Question 35

John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath

Answer 35

Novel by John Steinbeck -showed hardships of the Joad family during G.D. / Dust Bowl

Question 36

Movies and Radio

Answer 36

Gave an escape from life -major entertainment and propaganda

Question 37

FDIC

Answer 37

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation -insures bank deposits -protect depositors from bank failures

Question 38

SEC

Answer 38

Securities and Exchange Commission -gov age -regulate stock market / prevent fraud

Question 39

Glass-Steagall Act

Answer 39

1933 -law separated commercial / investment banking -made FDIC

Question 40

Mexican Repatriation

Answer 40

Mass deportation of Mexicans -gov wanted to reduce job comp

Question 41

How did photography impact the Great Depression

Answer 41

-photos show hardship -raise awareness -support for reforms

Question 42

Social Security

Answer 42

N.D. prog -financial assistance to retirees / unemployed / disabled

Question 43

Recession of 1937

Answer 43

Economic crash -by reduced gov spending / tightening credit

Question 44

Eleanor Roosevelt and the National Housing Act

Answer 44

-wanted affordable housing -improve living conditions for low-income families with act