Vocabulary Terms & Main Ideas: Review IV Flashcards
(31 cards)
New Kingdom
The New Kingdom was a period in ancient Egyptian history, spanning from the 16th century BC to the 11th century BC, characterized by the rise of powerful pharaohs, extensive territorial expansion, and major cultural achievements.
Pharaoh
A pharaoh was the ruler of ancient Egypt, considered to be both a political leader and a divine representative of the gods.
Queen Hatshepsut
Queen Hatshepsut was a powerful female pharaoh who ruled ancient Egypt in the 15th century BC, known for her successful military campaigns, extensive building projects, and promotion of trade.
Thutmose III
Thutmose III was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who ruled during the New Kingdom period and is known for his military campaigns and expansion of the Egyptian empire.
Empire
An empire is a group of territories or nations controlled by a single supreme authority, often an emperor or a monarch.
Amenhotep IV
Amenhotep IV, also known as Akhenaten, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who introduced a new religion and a unique artistic style during his reign in the 14th century BC.
Polytheism
Polytheism is the belief in and worship of multiple gods or deities.
Aton
Aton was the sun disk deity worshiped during the reign of Pharaoh Akhenaten and Queen Nefertiti in ancient Egypt, as a representation of the singular god in their monotheistic religion.
Akhenaten
Akhenaten was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who introduced a new monotheistic religion centered around the worship of the sun god Aton during his reign in the 14th century BC.
Ramesses II
Ramesses II, also known as Ramesses the Great, was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who reigned during the 19th dynasty and is known for his military campaigns, building projects, and cultural achievements.
Ramesses III
Ramesses III was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who ruled during the 20th dynasty and is known for his military victories, building projects, and efforts to maintain stability in Egypt amidst external and internal threats.
Fertile Crescent
The Fertile Crescent is a crescent-shaped region in the Middle East, spanning from the eastern Mediterranean coast through the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys, and known for its fertile soil, early civilizations, and significant historical and cultural developments.
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is an ancient region located in the eastern Mediterranean, comprising the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and known for its early civilization, innovations, and cultural and historical developments.
Sumerians
The Sumerians were an ancient civilization that inhabited Mesopotamia and are known for their invention of writing, development of early cities, and significant contributions to art, religion, and literature.
Sumer
Sumer was an ancient civilization located in southern Mesopotamia that is known for its innovations in agriculture, government, religion, and literature, and considered to be one of the earliest civilizations in human history.
City-state
A city-state is a self-governing urban center and the surrounding territory that functions as an independent political entity with its own laws, government, and culture.
Ziggurat
A ziggurat is a massive, stepped pyramid-like structure that was used in ancient Mesopotamia as a temple or religious center.
Cuneiform system
The cuneiform system was a form of writing used in ancient Mesopotamia, characterized by wedge-shaped marks made on clay tablets using a stylus, and was used for record-keeping, literature, and communication.
Hieroglyphics
Hieroglyphics were a system of writing used by the ancient Egyptians, characterized by pictorial or symbolic representations of words and sounds, and were used for record-keeping, religious texts, and communication.
Eduba
The Eduba was an educational institution in ancient Mesopotamia that trained scribes and other officials in reading, writing, mathematics, and other skills necessary for administrative work.
Gilgamesh
The Epic of Gilgamesh is an ancient Mesopotamian poem that tells the story of the legendary hero Gilgamesh and his adventures, and explores themes of mortality, friendship, and the search for meaning in life.
An
An is the ancient Mesopotamian god of the sky, who was revered by the Sumerians and Akkadians and was considered to be one of the most important deities in their pantheon.
Enlil
Enlil was the ancient Mesopotamian god of the earth, wind, and storms, who was revered by the Sumerians and later by the Babylonians and Assyrians, and was considered to be one of the most powerful deities in their pantheon.
Sargon I
Sargon of Akkad was an ancient Mesopotamian ruler who founded the Akkadian Empire in the 24th century BC, and is known for his military campaigns, innovations, and contributions to Mesopotamian culture and civilization.
