Vocabulary Words Flashcards
(116 cards)
1
Q
Antiseptic
A
A substance that stops or slows down the growth of microorganisms
2
Q
Asepsis
A
The absence of pathogens
3
Q
Bactericidal
A
Killing bacteria
4
Q
Bacteriostatic
A
Biological or chemical agent that stops bacteria from reproducing
5
Q
Bioburden
A
The number of bacteria living on a surface that has not been sterilized
6
Q
Contamination
A
The introduction of pathogens or infectious material into or on normally clean or sterile, objects, spaces or surfaces
7
Q
Decontamination
A
The process of removing or neutralizing contaminants that have accumulated on personnel and equipment
8
Q
Disinfectant
A
Any chemical agent that can be used to destroy microorganisms
9
Q
Event related sterility
A
Concept that sterile products remain sterile until an event causes contamination—dropped on the floor, packaging rips
10
Q
Fomite
A
An inanimate object that can carry and spread diseases and infectious agents
11
Q
Fungicide
A
A chemical that destroys fungus
12
Q
Infection
A
The division and multiplication of micro organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites that are not normally present within the body
13
Q
Nosocomial
A
An infection that is required in a hospital or other healthcare facility
14
Q
Pathogen
A
A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease
15
Q
Sepsis
A
A serious condition in which the body responds improperly to an infection
16
Q
Spore
A
Forming a thick wall, enabling to survive in adverse condition
17
Q
Sporicidal
A
Killing spores
18
Q
Sterile
A
Free from living germs are micro organisms
19
Q
Sterilization
A
The process of making something free from bacteria or other living micro organisms
20
Q
Medical asepsis
A
The state of being free of pathogenic microorganisms
21
Q
Terminal disinfection
A
Preparing complete rooms or areas for subsequent patients or residence for them to be treated or cared for without the risk of acquiring an infection
22
Q
Terminal sterilization
A
The process of sterilizing products in their final container
23
Q
Case cart system
A
Inventory control system for equipment used in the OR that involves use of an enclosed cart that’s prepped for one surgical case
24
Q
Supply chain management
A
Department that procures and distribute resources and manages supplies, goods and services to providers and patients
25
Personal protective equipment
A part of standard precautions to prevent skin and mucous membranes exposure when in contact with body fluids
26
IFU
Instructions for use, which are from the manufacturer on how to use and clean an instrument
27
Decontamination
To make safe by removing or reducing contamination by infectious organisms or other harmful substances to an acceptable level
28
Standard precaution
Method of using appropriate barriers to reduce risk of transmission of pathogens
29
HAI
Healthcare associated infection, which is an infection not present when the patient is admitted to healthcare facility develops on or three days after admission
30
Chain of infection: causative agent
The microorganism that causes disease. The pathogen, the bacteria, virus, etc..
31
Chain of infection: Reservoir
A home for the pathogen. Your mucous membranes your blood carriers.
32
Chain of infection: portal of exit
The door to leave home: a cut your mouth your nose, your mucous membranes
33
Chain of infection: mode of transmission
A way to move in travel: airborne blood-borne, vectorborne, common vehicle
34
Chain of infection: Portal of entry
A door to enter another home: a cut your mouth, your nose, your mucous membranes
35
Chain of infection: susceptible host
A new home: elderly, children, weakened immune system
36
Tendon
A quart of fibrous tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone
37
Ligament
I found of connective tissue that connects a bone to another bone
38
Ossification
The process by which cartilage is replaced by bone
39
Fascia
Band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue
40
Central nervous system
The part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord
41
Peripheral nervous system
All nerve tissue outside the CNS
42
Cerebrum
The largest part of the brain. It controls mental activities and movement.
43
Cerebellum
The second largest part of the brain. It controls coordination, body balance, and posture.
44
Brainstem
Controls many automatic body functions, such as heartbeat and breathing
45
Peristalsis
The rippling motion of muscles in the digestive tract that makes his food and gastric juices to form a thin liquid
46
Alimentary canal
The pathway that food takes through the digestive system, also called digestive tract
47
Fasciotomy
Making an incision into the fibrous membrane covering a muscle usually to relieve pressure from an injured or swollen muscle
48
Herniorrhaphy
Repairing a cavity wall or muscle there that is allowing all or part of an Oregon to project through the opening
49
Thoracotomy
Making an opening into the thoracic cavity to give surgeons access to the lungs and heart
50
Pneumonectomy
Removal of a lung
51
Laryngectomy
Removal of the larynx
52
Septoplasty
Straightening, or removing cartilage or bone in the nose, when the nasal septum is deformed, injured or fractured
53
Parotidectomy
Removal of a salivary gland, because of tumor formation
54
Carotid endarterectomy
A procedure to reduce the risk of stroke by removing plaque from the carotid artery that causes lack of brain oxygenation
55
Pathogen
Capable of producing disease
56
Micron
1/25000 of an inch or 1/1000 of a millimeter
57
Gram stain
Differential stain used to classify bacteria as gram-positive or gram-negative, depending on whether they retain or lose the primary stain when subjected to a decolorizing agent
58
pH
Measure of alkalinity or acidity on a scale of 0 to 14 pH of seven is neutral neither acid nor alkaline pH below seven is acid pH above seven is alkaline
59
Vegetative stage
State of active growth of microorganisms, as opposed to the resting or spore stages
60
Binary fission
The typical method of bacterial reproduction in which a cell divides into two equal parts
61
Prion
An infectious protein particle that unlike a virus contains no nucleic acid does not trigger an immune response and it’s not destroyed by extreme heat or cold
62
Donning PPE
Before: scrubs, ahead, cover, and shoes, wash hands
1) gown or jumpsuit
2) mask
3) goggles, or face shield
4) shoe covers
5) gloves
63
Doffing PPE
1) remove shoe covers
2) remove gown and gloves
3 remove goggles or face shield
4) remove mask
5) remove head cover
6) wash hands
64
Clothing for decontamination
Surgical scrubs, hair covering, PPE
65
Clothing for clean assembling a storage
Surgical scrubs, hair covering
66
Clothing for operating room
Surgical scrubs, hair covering, surgical mask
67
Clothing for unrestricted areas
Regular street attire
68
Carrier
A person who is infected with an infectious disease, but displays no symptoms, although unaffected by the disease themselves carriers can transmit the disease to others
69
Parenteral
Something that is put inside the body, but not by swallowing e.g. an injection administered into the muscle
70
Colonization
A process that occurs when micro organisms live on, or in a host organism, but do not invite tissues or cause damage
71
Regulation
Rules issued by administrative agencies that have the force of law
72
Standard
A uniform method of defining basic parameters for processes product services in measurements
73
Best practice
A method or technique that has consistently shown results superior to those achieved by other means
74
MedWatch
The FDA safety information and adverse event reporting system for drugs and medical devices
75
HIPAA
Health insurance, portability, and accountability act.
76
Gross soil
Tissue, body, fat, blood, and other body substances
77
Biofilm
The collection of micro organisms that attach to surfaces and each other in farm colony. The colony produces a protective shell, that is very difficult to penetrate with detergent and disinfectants.
78
Decontamination area
The location within a healthcare facility designated for the collection, retention and cleaning of soil and contaminated items
79
Negative pressure
Air pressure inside the room that is lower than the air pressure outside the room, causing the air to flow into the room with the lower negative air pressure
80
Biohazardous waste
Waste containing infectious agents that present a risk or potential risk to human health
81
Utility water
Water as it comes from the tap that may need further treatment to achieve the required specifications. This water is mainly used for flushing washing and rinsing.
82
Critical water
Water that is extensively treated to ensure that micro organisms and organic and inorganic matter or removed
83
Biocide
Hey, substance or microorganism that kills or controls the growth of living organisms
84
Reverse osmosis RO
A water purification process by which impurities are removed from water using a semi permeable membrane
85
Deionized water DI
Water that has had all ions removed through an ion exchange process
86
Distilled water
Water that is heated to steam than allowed to cool and condense
87
Cavitation
The process used by an ultrasonic cleaner in which low pressure bubbles, collapse, and implode and dislodge soil from instruments
88
Electroplating
A process that uses electrical current in a solution to produce a metallic coding
89
Impingement
The spray force action of pressurized water against instruments being processed to physically remove bioburden
90
Thermal disinfection
Use of heat to reduce the amount of micro organisms excluding spores on a medical device
91
Emulsifier
Any ingredient used to bind together substances that typically do not combine such as oil and water
92
Surfactant
A substance that lowers the surface tension of the water, and increases the solubility of organic compounds
93
Chelating agents
Chemicals that hold hard water, minerals in solution, and prevent soap or detergent from reacting with the minerals
94
TASS
Toxic anterior segment syndrome: acute post operative, inflammatory reaction, in which a non-infectious substance enters the anterior segment of the eye, and induces toxic damage to the intraocular tissues
95
Bactericidal
A substance that kills bacteria
96
Disinfectant
A chemical that kills most pathogenic organisms, but does not kill all spores
97
Disinfection
The destruction of nearly all pathogenic microorganisms on an inanimate nonliving surface
98
Spaulding classification system
A system developed by Dr. Spaulding that divides medical devices into categories based on the risk of infection involved with their use
99
Sterile/sterilization
Completely devoid of all living micro organisms
100
High level disinfection (HLD)
The destruction of all vegetative microorganisms, but not bacterial spores
101
Low level disinfection
The destruction of some vegetative forms of bacteria
102
Intermediate level disinfection
The destruction of viruses, mycobacteria, fungi, and vegetative bacteria, but not bacterial spores
103
Quaternary ammonium compounds
Quats are low level disinfectants
104
Activated/activation
Process by which a solution of is combined within activating chemical before use
105
Minimum effective concentration(MEC)
The percentage concentration of the active ingredient in a disinfectant or chemical sterilant that is the minimum concentration at which the chemical meets all its label claims for activity against specific micro organisms
106
Stainless steel
An alloy of steel with chromium and sometimes another element such as nickel or molybdenum that is highly resistant to rusting and ordinary corrosion
107
Scissors
Surgical instruments used to cut, incise, and/or dissect tissue
108
Osteotomes
Chisel-like instruments used to cut or shave bone
109
Chisels
Wedge-shaped instruments used to cut or shape bone
110
Rongeurs
Surgical instruments used to cut or bite away at bone and tissue
111
Forceps
Instruments used for grasping, holding firmly, or exerting traction upon objects
112
Hemostatic forceps
Surgical instruments designed to drive suture needles to close or rejoin a wound or surgical site. Also known as needle drivers
113
Martensitic stainless steel
This metal is also known as 400 series stainless steel. It is magnetic and may be heat hardened
114
Retractors
Surgical instruments primarily used to move tissues and organs to keep the surgical site exposed throughout surgery
115
Cannulas
Surgical instruments with a hollow barrel or lumen through their center. Often inserted for drainage
116
Rib spreaders
A retractor used to expose the chest
