VOCAD: Nervous System

Question 1

CNS (central nervous system)

Answer 1

includes brain, spinal cord

Question 2

PNS (Peripheral Nervous System)

Answer 2

Autonomic nervous system: peripheral nerves & ganglia ( group of cell bodies outside cns, carries impulses to involuntary muscles and glands)

Question 3

cranial nerves

Answer 3

12 pairs

Question 4

spinal nerves

Answer 4

31 pairs

Question 5

Neuron

Answer 5

Transmits a message from one cell to another

Question 6

Neuroglia “nerve glue”

Answer 6

Nervous cells in the nervous tissue; insulate, supports, & protect neurons

Question 7

Dendrites

Answer 7

Neurons extension; carries nervous impulses toward the bell body

Question 8

Axons

Answer 8

Neuron extension; carries nervous impulses away from the cell body

Question 9

Myelin sheath (neurilemma)

Answer 9

Axons specialized covering; speeds up the nerve impulses as it travels along the axon produces fatty: myelin(white matter; protects the axon)

Question 10

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Answer 10

Emerge from the skin or sense organs & carries messages to the brain, spinal cord -> muscles & glands

Question 11

Motor (efferent) neurons

Answer 11

Carries message from the brain/spinal cord to muscles & glands

Question 12

Synapse

Answer 12

Where the messages go from one cell to the next cell

Question 13

Brain

Answer 13

Made of gray & white mater, weights 3lb, 100 billion neurons,

Question 14

Meninges

Answer 14

One of the 3 membranous coverings

Question 15

Cerebral cortex

Answer 15

Highest venter of reasoning and intellect

Question 16

Dura mater

Answer 16

Outer brain covering; lines inside of the skull, made of tough dense membrane of fibrous connective tissue containing blood vessels

Question 17

Arachnoid (mater)

Answer 17

The middle layer resembles a cobweb with fluid-fulled spaces

Question 18

Pia mater

Answer 18

Coversbrains surface; consists of blood vessels held together by areolar connective tissue

Question 19

Cerebral ventricles

Answer 19

4 lined cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid

Question 20

Lateral ventricles

Answer 20

Divided into left/right, l lie deep within the brain, two larges located within the cerebra hemispheres

Question 21

Choroid plexus

Answer 21

A rich network of blood vessels of pia matter, in contact with the cells lining the ventricles; helps in the formation of cerebrospinal fluid

Question 22

CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid)

Answer 22

A substance that forms inside the 4 brain ventricles from the blood vessel of the choroid plexuses

Question 23

Blood-brain barrier

Answer 23

A substance that cannot penetrate brain tissue

Question 24

Lumbar puncture (spinal tap)

Answer 24

removal of cerebrospinal fluid for diagnostic purposes by insertion of a needle between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae

Question 25

Cerebrum

Answer 25

The largest part of the brain; covers most of the top area of the brain and is divided into right/left hemispheres

Question 26

Diencephalon

Answer 26

posterior part of the brain; contains the thalamus, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary gland

Question 27

Spinal cord

Answer 27

part of the central nervous system within the spinal column; begins at the foramen magnum of the occipital bone and continues to the second lumbar vertebra

Question 28

Frontal (1 of 4 hemispheres)

Answer 28

motor function

Question 29

Parietal (2 of 4 hemispheres)

Answer 29

receives/interprets nerve impulses from sensory receptors: pain, touch, heat, cold, and balance, helps determine distance, size, and shapes

Question 30

Occipital (3 of 4 hemipsheres)

Answer 30

responsible visual area controlling eyesight

Question 31

Temporal (4 of hemispheres)

Answer 31

responsible for the auditory area, central language area: speech, comprehension

Question 32

Corpus Callosum

Answer 32

a wide band of axonal fibers; located in the middle region of the two hemispheres (cerebrum cut in half)

Question 33

Cerebellum

Answer 33

located: behind pon/below cerebrum 2 hemispheres & consists of gray matter on the outside/white matter on the inside communicates with the rest of cns

Question 34

Brain Stem

Answer 34

provides pathway for the messafes coming from/going to the cerebrum

Question 35

Pon (brain stem)

Answer 35

in front of the cerebellum, the two-way pathway for nerve pulse, the site for the emergence of cranial nerves, a center that controls respiration

Question 36

Mid-Brain (brain stem)

Answer 36

contained nuclei for relax center involved with vision and hearing

Question 37

Medulla (brain stem)

Answer 37

contains nuclei for vital functions such as the heart rate, the rate, depth of respiration, vasoconstrictor center (affects blood pressure, center for swallowing and vomiting)