Voice disorders assessment

Question 1

subglottic space

Answer 1

The laryngeal space below the level of the glottis.

Question 2

Supraglottic space

Answer 2

The laryngeal space above the level of the glottis.

Question 3

Aditus

Answer 3

The opening into the larynx, corresponds to the aryepiglottic folds

Question 4

Vestibule

Answer 4

The laryngeal space between the true and false vocal folds. Contains glands that keep the folds moiset.

Question 5

Interarytenoid space

Answer 5

The space in the posterior larynx that appears when the vocal folds are open; often a place where damage from acid reflex is seem.

Question 6

Cranial nerves involved in voice

Answer 6

Extrinsic laryngeal muscles are served by: Trigeminal nerve 5, facial 7, hypoglossal 12.

intrinsic muscles served by: Vagus 10 (has 3 branches- pharyngeal, superior laryngeal and recurrent laryngel)

Question 7

Fundamental frequency

Answer 7

The number of times the vocal folds vibrate per second.

80-140 times per sec in adult males
175-250 times per second in adult females
240-300 times per second in children before puberty.
500 times er second in babies

Question 8

Fundamental frequency range

Answer 8

The range of frequencies produced during vocal fold vibration.

Question 9

Jitter

Answer 9

(frequency perturbation) cycle-by-cycle variation in the frequency of vocal fold vibration.

on a Visipitch normal jitter is below 1.0

Question 10

Resonance (formant) frequencies

Answer 10

The frequencies enhanced by the vocal tract shape.

Question 11

Shimmer

Answer 11

(intensity perturbation) - cycle-by-cycle variation in intensity of vocal fold vibration.

On a Visipitch normal shimmer is below approximately .4 dB

Question 12

Maximum phonation time

Answer 12

The amount of time a speaker can maintain voice on one breath.
Adults= 20 secs
children 12-15

Question 13

S/z ratio

Answer 13

The relationship between the maximum production of s and z (on one breath each).
normal= 1.0
Abnormal= 1.4

Question 14

Word or syllable per minute rate

Answer 14

(time measure) The number of words or syllables that a speaker can produce on a
minute of connected speech.

Question 15

Voice Disorders

Answer 15

Abnormal production and or absence of vocal quality, pitch, loudness, resonance and/or duration, given an individual’s age and/or sex

Question 16

Factors that influence of the vocal fold vibration

Answer 16

Length
Mass
Tension
of the vocal folds

Question 17

Aerodynamic-Myoelastic Theory and updated in the
Self-Oscillation Theory ** by Titze

Answer 17

The Vf is closed as you begin exhalation. They vibrate from the bottom up.

Question 18

Bernoulli Effect***

Answer 18

pressure coming in from the lungs ****

Question 19

Resonance

Answer 19

The sound bouncing of the structures and the way they do and where they do shapes the different sounds.

how the sound is shaped in the cavities to distinguish it from one sound to the other.

Question 20

Functions of the Larynx

Answer 20

airway protection
phonation
thoracic fixation- traps air in the lungs to build pressure for working that requires force.

Question 21

The external muscles of the larynx (Extrinsic muscles)

Answer 21

Elevates and depresses the larynx during swallowing

Question 22

The internal muscles of the larynx (Intrinsic)

Answer 22

Plays a role in breathing and phonation.
Controls the shape of the glottis and length and tensions of the vocal folds.

Question 23

Which branch of the vagus nerve provides motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle of the larynx?

Answer 23

External laryngeal

Question 24

During Force respiration, the glottis of the larynx is widened to increase airflow into the trachea. Which muscle contracts to produce this affect?
1.vocalis
2.lateral criocoarytenoid
3.Cricothyroid
4. Posterior cricoaytenoid

Answer 24

Posterior circoarytenoid

Question 25

What is the function of the recurrent laryngeal nerve? 1. Motor innervation to the intrinisc muscles of the larynx? 2. Sensory innervation to the posterior part of the external auditory canal 3. Motor innervation to the muscles of the pahrynx Parasympathetic innervation to the heart.

Answer 25

Motor innervation to the intrinsic muscles of the larynx

Question 26

Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve can result in

Answer 26

Damage--> weaker movement Bilateral damage--> vf will be paralyzed If the nerves are cut--> vf will stay open

Question 27

Components of a voice disorder evaluation

Answer 27

1. Patient's perception of their voice problem. (QOL measure 2. Medical history 3. Daily vocal usage patterns 4. Previous attempts to deal with the voice problem. 3. Analysis of speech-language sample 4. Hearing screening 5.

Question 28

Visipitch and why we use it

Answer 28

It tells us the range between the softest and loudest sound we can make. Checks how these vary when we talk or sing It looks at intensity and frequency variability pitch and loudness its an cost effective way of providing instant feedback.