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Paramedicine Handout Questions > Vol. 3 Chapter 5 : Secondary Assessment > Flashcards

Vol. 3 Chapter 5 : Secondary Assessment Flashcards

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1
Q

Examination

Procedure for Taking Vital Signs

A
  1. Counts the patient’s respirations
  2. Assesses the pulse as an indicator of circulatory function
  3. Assesses blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope
  4. If blood pressure cannot be heard with a
    stethoscope, uses an ultrasonic Doppler
  5. Uses a battery-operated oral thermometer to
    take the patient’s temperature
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2
Q

Examination

Proceedure

Examining the Head

A
  1. Palpates the cranium from front to back
  2. Inspects the mastoid process
  3. Palpates the facial bones
  4. Palpates the TMJ
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3
Q

Examination

Proceedure

Examining the Eyes

A
  1. Uses a visual acuity chart to test visual acuity
  2. Tests peripheral vision
  3. Inspects the external eye
  4. Tests the pupil’s reaction to light
  5. Tests for accommodation
  6. Moves finger in an H pattern to test patient’s extraocular muscles
  7. Checks the corneal reflex
  8. Visualizes the interior eye with an ophthalmoscope
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4
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Ears

A
  1. Examines the external ear
  2. Presses on the mastoid process
  3. Inspects the ear canal for drainage
  4. Whispers into the patient’s ear
  5. Visualizes the inner ear canal and tympanic membrane
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5
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Nose

A
  1. Palpates the external nose
  2. Inspects the internal nose with an otoscope
  3. Inspects the nose for nasal obstruction
  4. Palpates the frontal sinus
  5. Palpates the maxillary sinus
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6
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Mouth

A

Examining the Mouth

  1. Palpates the lips
  2. Inspects the lips’ undersurfaces
  3. Examines the buccal mucosa
  4. Inspects the tongue using a gauze pad and a

gloved hand

  1. Inspects under the tongue
  2. Has the patient say “Aaahhh” while examining the soft palate and uvula,
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7
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Neck

A
  1. Assesses the trachea for midline position
  2. Palpates the carotid arteries, one at a time
  3. Palpates the thyroid gland
  4. Palpates the lymph nodes
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8
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Chest

A
  1. Palpates the posterior chest for excursion
  2. Palpates the posterior chest for tactile fremitus
  3. Percusses the posterior chest
  4. Auscultates the posterior chest
  5. Palpates the anterior chest for excursion
  6. Percusses the anterior chest
  7. Auscultates the anterior chest
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9
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Abdomen

A
  1. Auscultates for renal bruits
  2. Palpates abdomen lightly
  3. Palpates abdomen deeply
  4. Tests for ascites
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10
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Wrist and Hand

A
  1. Palpates the DIP and PIP joints
  2. Palpates the MCP joints
  3. Palpates the wrist
  4. Assesses wrist flexion and extension
  5. Assesses radial and ulnar deviation
  6. Tests for carpal tunnel syndrome
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11
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Elbow

A
  1. Inspects the elbow
  2. Palpates the lateral and medial epicondyles
  3. Assesses elbow flexion and extension
  4. Assesses supination and pronation of the wrist
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12
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Shoulder

A
  1. Palpates the shoulder using fingertips
  2. Assesses shoulder flexion and extension
  3. Assesses shoulder abduction and adduction
  4. Assesses internal and external shoulder rotation
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13
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Foot and Ankle

A
  1. Palpates the ankle and foot
  2. Palpates the metatarsophalangeal joints
  3. Assesses dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
  4. Assesses inversion and eversion of the foot
  5. Tests flexion and extension of the toes
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14
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Knee

A
  1. Palpates the knee
  2. Palpates the patella
  3. Tests the collateral ligaments of the knee
  4. Tests the cruciate ligaments of the knee
  5. Assesses knee flexion and extension
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15
Q

Examination

Procedure

Examining the Hip

A
  1. Palpates the hip
  2. Assesses hip flexion with the knee flexed
  3. Assesses external and internal rotation of the hip
  4. Assesses hip abduction and adduction
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16
Q

Assessing

Procedure

Assessing the Cardiovascular System

A
  1. Assesses the carotid pulse
  2. Auscultates for bruits
  3. Palpates for the point of maximal impulse (PMI)
  4. Percusses for the PMI
  5. Auscultates for heart sounds
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17
Q

Assessing

Procedure

Assessing the Peripheral Vascular System

A
  1. Palpates the radial artery
  2. Palpates the brachial artery
  3. Palpates and compares the femoral arteries
  4. Palpates the popliteal pulse
  5. Palpates the dorsalis pedis pulse
  6. Palpates the posterior tibial pulse.
  7. Palpates for edema
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18
Q

Assessing

Procedure

Assessing the Spine

A
  1. Palpates the spine
  2. Tests flexion and extension of the head and neck
  3. Tests rotation of the head and neck
  4. Assesses lateral bending of the head and neck
  5. Assesses flexion of the lower spine
  6. Assesses lateral bending of the lower spine
  7. Assesses spinal extension
  8. Assesses spinal rotation
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19
Q

Assessing

Procedure

Assessing the Cranial Nerves

A
  1. Tests the olfactory nerve by having the patient identify common odors
  2. Tests the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves by evaluating thepatient’s extraocular movements
  3. Tests motor function of the trigeminal nerve by palpating the temporal andmasseter muscles
  4. Tests sensory function of the trigeminal nerve with sharp and dull objects
  5. Tests the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves with a tongue blad
  6. Tests the spinal accessory nerve by having the patient shrug his shouldersagainst resistance
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20
Q

Assessing

Procedure

Assessing the Motor System

A
  1. Assesses the elbow’s range of motion
  2. Tests the patient’s grip
  3. Tests arm strength
  4. Tests for pronator drift
  5. Tests for coordination with rapid alternating movements
  6. Tests coordination with point-to-point testing
  7. Assesses coordination with heel-to-shin testing
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21
Q

Testing & Reassessing

Procedure

Testing the Reflexes

A
  1. Tests the biceps reflex (cervical nerves C5 and C6)
  2. Tests the triceps reflex (cervical nerves C6, C7, and C8)
  3. Tests the brachioradialis reflex (cervical nerves C5 and C6)
  4. Tests the quadriceps reflex (lumbar nerves L2, L3, and L4)
  5. Tests the Achilles reflex (sacral nerves S1 and S2)
  6. Tests the plantar reflex (central nervous system)
  7. Tests the abdominal reflexes (thoracic nerves T8, T9, T10, T11, T12)
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22
Q

Testing & Reassessing

Procedure

Reassessment

A
  1. Reassesses the ABCs
  2. Takes all vital signs again
  3. Performs focused assessment again
  4. Evaluates effect of interventions
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23
Q

The process of informed observation is:

A .Palpation

B. Inspection
C. Percussion
D. Auscultation

A

B. Inspection

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24
Q

Which of the following is not a type of percussion:

A. Pointed
B. Blunt
C. Direct
D. Indirect

A

A. Pointed

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25
It is best to examine which of the following patients using the toe to head method? A. 6-year-old child complaining of a sore throat B.12-year-old female patient complaining of difficulty breathing C. 2-year-old child with a fractured arm D. 9-month-old infant with a fever
D. 9-month-old infant with a fever
26
Voice changes that are caused by vocal cord problems are known as: ## Footnote A. Dysarthria B. Aphasia C. Dysphonia D. Dysphasia
C. Dysphonia
27
The first physical exam finding you will often observe with an emergency condition is a change in: ## Footnote A. Blood pressure B. Pulse rate C. Respiratory rate D. Mental status
D. Mental Status
28
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ usually indicates an increase in sympathetic nervous system stimulation as the body compensates foranother problem. ## Footnote A. Shortness of breath B. Bradycardia C. Tachycardia D. Chest pain
C. Tachycardia
29
The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures is known as: ## Footnote A. Pulse pressure B. Mean arterial pressure C. Blood pressure differential D. Mean systemic pressure
A. Pulse pressure
30
A positive orthostatic vital sign change means that upon standing the patient’s pulse rate: ## Footnote A. Decreased by 5 beats per minute B. Decreased by 15 beats per minute C. Increased by 5 beats per minute D. Increased by15 beats per minute
D. Increased by15 beats per minute
31
A blood pressure cuff fits the patient correctly if it covers: ## Footnote A. One-third of the upper arm B. Two-thirds of the upper arm C. One-half of the upper arm D. The entire upper arm
B. Two-thirds of the upper arm
32
Skin color should be assessed where the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is thinnest. ## Footnote A. Epidermis B. Dermis C. Capillary bed D. Papillary layer
A. Epidermis
33
An elevated, palpable area containing liquid or viscous matter is called a/n: ## Footnote A. Pustule B. Bulla C. Cyst D. Fissure
C. Cyst
34
Clubbing of the fingernails occurs because of: ## Footnote A. Transient hypoxia B. Chronic hypoxia C. Transient hypercapnia D. Chronic hypercapnia
B. Chronic hypoxia
35
Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT control eye movement? A. Trigeminal nerve B. Oculomotor nerve C. Trochlear nerve D. Abducens nerve
A.Trigeminal nerve
36
The ___________ is a coiled structure that transmits sound to the acoustic nerve. ## Footnote A. Malleus C. Stapes B. Concha D. Cochlea
D. Cochlea
37
Battle’s sign is a common but late sign of: ## Footnote A. A hemorrhagic stroke B. Increased intracranial pressure C. A basilar skull fracture D. Mandibular fracture
C. A basilar skull fracture
38
An adult normally has _____ permanent teeth. ## Footnote A. 24 B. 32 C. 28 D. 34
B. 32
39
To examine the postauricular lymph node, you palpate: A. At the base of the mandible under the chin B. Along the underside of the jaw C. On the tragus and “milk” anteriorly D. On or under the mastoid process
D. On or under the mastoid process
40
Popping, nonmusical sounds heard during inspiration are called: A. Wheezes B. Stridor C. Rales D.Rhonchi
C. Rales
41
The resistance in the vessels that the heart must overcome to eject blood is called: ## Footnote A. Preload B. Afterload C. Mean arterial pressure D. Pulse pressure
B. Afterload
42
Tennis elbow is found by palpating the: ## Footnote A. Capitulum B. Trochlea C. Lateral epicondyle D. Medial epicondyle
D. Medial epicondyle
43
Memory can be divided into three grades: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Immediate, recent, remote
44
The force of blood against the arteries’ walls as the heart contracts and relaxes creates the patient’s ____________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Blood pressure
45
The scalp has five layers of tissue that can be remembered by the acronym SCALP, which stands for: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose tissue Periosteum
46
When testing a patient’s visual acuity, you should place the patient 20 ______ from a visual acuity wall chart or hold a visual acuity card 14\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ from his face.
20 Feet 14 Inches
47
The inner ear cavity contains the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, the _______________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Vestibule, semicircular canals, cochlea
48
When assessing your patient’s ear, you should pull the helix _____________ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and press on the ______________ and the _______________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Upward, outward, tragus, mastoid process
49
The salivary glands include the: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, _________________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, ___________________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, _________________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, ________________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Posterior auricular, occipital, superficial cervical, posterior cervical, supraclavicular, preauricular, tonsillar, submental, submandibular, deep cervical chain
50
When assessing a patient’s chest, you should auscultate for the following adventitious breath sounds: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Crackles, wheezes, rhonchi, stridor, pleural rubs
51
Vibrations felt on a patient’s chest wall when he speaks are called _______________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Tactile fremitus
52
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ _____________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are the squeaking or grating sounds of the pleural linings rubbing together.
Pleural friction rubs
53
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the amount of blood returned to the heart from the body.
Preload
54
During systole the ventricles contract and the __________ and ____________ valves close.
Tricuspid, mitral
55
When attempting to listen for the S2 heart sound, you place your stethoscope at the _________ \_\_\_ ___ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Base of the heart
56
A third heart sound, usually considered pathological in patientsover the age of 30, is sometimes called the ____________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Ventricular gallop
57
The large intestine has three distinct sections, including the _________ \_\_\_\_\_\_, the _________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and the\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon
58
The proximal attachment of a tendon to a bone is called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and the distal attachment is called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Origin, insertion
59
The six type of joints are: __________ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Ball, socket, condyloid, gliding, hinge, pivot, saddle
60
C1 is comminly referred to as the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and C2 is commonly referred to as the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Atlas, axis
61
Areas of skin that are innervated by afferent fibers are known as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Dermatomes

Paramedicine Handout Questions (4 decks)

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