volacnoes Flashcards
crator
created when the top of an earthquake is blown off after an eruption
main vent
the main opening where magma can escape from
secondary vent
a smaller opening where some magma can escale
magma chamber
magma inside the earth crust under the location of the volcano
where are composite and shield volcanoes found
composite are found on convergent plate boundaries and shield are found on divergent
explain what and active dormant and extinct volcano is
active is a volcano that could erupt soom. dormant is a volcano that hasn’t erupted for many years but could erupt. a extinct volcano is a volcano that hasn’t erupted for thousands or millions of years and is unlikely to erupt.
what are the 4 main hazards of volacanors
pyroclastic flows, lahars, volcanic gases and volcanic ash
what is a lahar
made of ash that is liquified due to rain and snow and moves at around 100km/hr. it can be hot or cold
pyroclastic flows
very dangerous and moves at extremely high speeds, 300km/hr. happens at composite volcanoes and is made of expanding gases and hot volcanic ash
volcanic gases
can cause breathing difficulties and death and also affects global warming due to greenhouse gases emitted
volcanic ash
can block roads. cause breathing difficulties. destroy houses and collapse roofs. cause burns. crops destroyed
what is a hotspot
an area of volcanic activity away from plate boundaries
explain how hotspots are made
a hot magma plume rises from the core and makes holes in the earths crust where magma escapes from
primary physical effects of volcanoes
global dimming due to ash clouds, animals habitats destroyed, shape of land changed, clogged rivers
primary human effects of volcanoes
breathing difficulties, houses destroyed and roofs collapsed, soil for farming contaminated, crops destroyed. transport routes affected
