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Anatomy > Volatile Anesthetic > Flashcards

Volatile Anesthetic Flashcards

1
Q

Fi determibants

A

Fgf
Volume of breathing system
Absorption of the gas by the machine in circuit

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2
Q

Fast induction

A

Dec co, dec solubility
Dec alveolar partial pressure gradient meaning dec gas in venous blood
Inc alv vent
Unc fi

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3
Q

Uptake and alveolar blood flow

A

Increased alveolar blood flow decreases induction because more anesthetic is removed from the gas phase into the blood

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4
Q

Alveolar venous partial pressure gradient increas

A

Signifies that anesthetic is being uptaken by tissues which dec alv conc

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5
Q

Benifit of halothan

A

No decrease in svr

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6
Q

Halothane negatives

A

Sensitizes heart to catechols
Depressed baroreceptors there for no compensatory tach
Apnic threshhold increases 2/2 inc co2
Hepatitis 2/2 dec in hbf. Halothane reduced in liver leads to inc ast alt

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7
Q

Desflurane vp mac bg

A

Vp 666
.42
Mac 6

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8
Q

Nitrous bg mac

A

.47

105%

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9
Q

Isoflurane bg vp mac

A

Mac 1.2
Vp 240
Bg 1.4

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10
Q

Sevo bg vp max

A

Mac 2
Vp 160
Bg .65

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11
Q

Halothane mac bg vp

A

Vp 243 bg2.4 mac .75%

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12
Q

Absorption

A

Amount of total drug in blood stream

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13
Q

Bioavailability

A

Amount of drug thay is effective at sight of action

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14
Q

Potency

A

Affect relative to dosage

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15
Q

Clearence

A

Rate of elimination

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16
Q

Elimination

A

Biotransformation + excretion (prom by kid)

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17
Q

Bio trans
Oxidation
reduction
Hydrolysis

A

Ox remove e
Red add e
Hydrolysis add h2o

18
Q

Barbituates (pheno barb thiamyl thiopental methohexital)

A

Moa: presynaptically inhibit excitatory nt releas
Post syno inc sensativity to gaba and stimulates gaba
Low albumin and hypocolemia inc brain conc
Biotransformation: oxidation

19
Q

Benzos

A

Moa: hyperpolarize w inc cl conductance

20
Q

Etomidate inhibiton of which enzyme

A

B-11 hydroxylase

21
Q

Barbituates

A

Known to induce aminevulinic acid precipitating acute intermittent porphyria

22
Q

Diazepam, 2nd peak

A

Metabolized to glucouronide

23
Q

Alfentanil rapid onset

A

Due to high non ionzed fraction

24
Q

Opiate moa

A

Blocks presynaptic release of sub p dopamine and ach
Descending inhibitory impulses accentuated
Interruped at level of dorsal horn

25
Q

Ketamine moa

A

Works by antagonizing nmda

Dissassociates thalmus from cereberal cortex, appear conscious but cannot process inputs

26
Q

Fi

A

Inspired concentration of anesthetic

27
Q

Sux atypical pseud

A

One abnormal gene heterozygote 20-30 min 40-60% dibucaine

Two abnormal > 6hr 20%

28
Q

Right to left shunt affect on induction

A

Decreased

29
Q

Left to right shunt affect on induction

A

Stays the same

30
Q

Potentcy of inhaled anesthetic is determined by

A

Lipid solubility

Potency relates conc to affect for vol anes that is mac

31
Q

Mac dec by decade

A

6% over 40

32
Q

Isoflurane mac w burst supression

A

1.5 mac

33
Q

Tachycardia w induction rapid

A

Des and iso

34
Q

Most metabolized gas

A

Halothane 20%

Sevi 2%

35
Q

Does n2o inc apnenic threshold

A

No

36
Q

O2 vs n2o for ppm anesthetic pickup

A

O2 more soluble and picks up more volatile anesthetic

37
Q

High no2

A

Causes concetrating affect and augmented tracheal inflow

If there is a second volatile anesthetic then it adds second gas affect

38
Q

Second gas affect

A

Woth n20 because alveolar vole decreases

39
Q

Vapor pressure

A

Des 666
Halo iso 240
Sevo 160

40
Q

Vopor output equation

A

Carrier gaa flow x vapor pressure of anesthetic gas

/ barometric pressure - vp anes

41
Q

At flows less then 250 ml/min and greater than 10 what is output in relation to the dial

A

It is less. Below 250 there is less positive pressure for anesthetic to go into carrying gas, above ten it goes to fast to saturatr

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