Volcanoes

Question 1

Magma

Answer 1

Liquid rock produced under Earth’s surface.

Question 2

Volcanism

Answer 2

Any activity that includes the movement of magma toward or onto Earth’s surface.

Question 3

Lava

Answer 3

Magma that flows onto Earth’s surface; the rock that forms when lava cools and solidifies.

Question 4

Volcano

Answer 4

A vent or fissure in Earth’s surface through which magma and gases are expelled.

Question 5

Hot spot

Answer 5

A volcanically active area of Earth’s surface, commonly far from a tectonic plate boundary.

Question 6

Mafic

Answer 6

Describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and that is generally dark in color.

Question 7

Felsic

Answer 7

Describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in feldspar and silica and that is generally light in color.

Question 8

Pyroclastic material

Answer 8

Fragments of rock that from during a volcanic eruption.

Question 9

Caldera

Answer 9

A large, circular depression that forms when the magma chamber below a volcano partially empties and causes the ground above to sink.