Voluntary

Question 1

Voluntary

Answer 1

muscle action that is under your control

Question 2

involuntary

Answer 2

muscle action that is not under your control

Question 3

Tendons

Answer 3

strands of tough connective tissue that connect your skeletal muscle to your bones

Question 4

Aerobic exercise

Answer 4

an injury in which a muscle or tendon is overstretched or torn

Question 5

Tendonitis

Answer 5

inflammation of the tendons

Question 6

homeostasis

Answer 6

the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment

Question 7

ligaments

Answer 7

a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint

Question 8

fracture

Answer 8

to crack or break a bone

Question 9

cartilage

Answer 9

a firm, elastic, flexible type of connective tissue found in joints as well as ear, nose, rib cage, etc.

Question 10

Joint

Answer 10

a place in which two or more bones meet

Question 11

Cardiovascular system

Answer 11

a collection of organs that transport blood throughout the body

Question 12

Artery

Answer 12

a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the body’s organs

Question 13

Capillary

Answer 13

a tiny blood vessel that allows an exchange between blood and cells in other tissue

Question 14

Vein

Answer 14

a blood vessel that carries blood to the heart

Question 15

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 15

the flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart through the pulmonary arteries, capillaries, and veins

Question 16

Systemic circulation

Answer 16

the flow of blood from the heart to all parts of the body and back to the heart

Question 17

Blood pressure

Answer 17

• the amount of pressure it takes each heartbeat to pump blood through the arteries

Question 18

stroke

Answer 18

when blood vessels in the brain become clogged or ruptures, resulting in no oxygen to the brain

Question 19

atherosclerosis (high cholesterol)

Answer 19

atherosclerosis (high cholesterol)

Question 20

Heart attack

Answer 20

when heart muscle cells die and part of the heart becomes damaged

Question 21

Heart failure

Answer 21

when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs

Question 22

Pharynx

Answer 22

the passageway from the mouth to the larynx and esophagus

Question 23

Respiration

Answer 23

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between living cells and their environment; includes breathing and cellular respiration

Question 24

Trachea

Answer 24

windpipe, the tube that connects the lungs and larynx

Question 25

Diaphragm

Answer 25

a dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs

Question 26

Digestive system

Answer 26

the organs that break down food so that it can be used by the body

Question 27

Chemical digestion

Answer 27

occurs when large molecules are broken down into nutrients

Question 28

Mechanical digestion

Answer 28

the breaking, crushing, and mashing of food

Question 29

Esophagus

Answer 29

a long, straight tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach

Question 30

Peristalsis

Answer 30

rhythmic muscle contractions that occur in the esophagus, forcing food down into the stomach

Question 31

Stomach

Answer 31

the sac-like digestive organ between the esophagus and the small intestine that breaks down food into a liquid by the action of muscles, enzymes, and acids

Question 32

Pancreas

Answer 32

an oval organ that lies behind the stomach and that make digestive enzymes and hormones that regulate sugar levels

Question 33

Small intestine

Answer 33

located between the stomach and large intestine where most of the breakdown of food happens and most of the nutrients from food are absorbed

Question 34

Liver

Answer 34

the largest organ in the body; it makes bile, stores and filters blood, and stores excess sugars

Question 35

Large intestine

Answer 35

the wider and shorter portion of the intestine that removes water from mostly digested food and that turns the waste into semi solid feces, or stool

Question 36

Central Nervous system

Answer 36

(CNS) the brain and spinal cord

Question 37

Peripheral Nervous system

Answer 37

(PNS) all of the parts of the nervous system except for the brain and spinal cord

Question 38

Neuron

Answer 38

a nerve cell that is specialized to receive and conduct electrical impulses

Question 39

Nerve

Answer 39

a collection of nerve fibers (axons) through which impulses travel between the CNS and other parts of the body

Question 40

brain

Answer 40

the organ that is the main control center of the nervous system

Question 41

cerebrum

Answer 41

the largest part of your brain where thoughts and memories are stored; this portion of the brain also controls voluntary movement

Question 42

cerebellum

Answer 42

second largest part of the brain; processes sensory information from your body (i.e. skeletal, muscles, and joints)

Question 43

medulla

Answer 43

part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord; controls involuntary processes

Question 44

Somatic nervous system

Answer 44

composed of neurons that control voluntary movements (i.e. walking, talking)

Question 45

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 45

composed of neurons that control body functions that operate automatically (i.e. digestion, heart rate)

Question 46

Lymph

Answer 46

the fluid that is collected by the lymphatic vessels and nodes

Question 47

Lymphocytes

Answer 47

a type of white blood cell that helps your body fight pathogens