Vorgangspassiv

Question 1

How is a passive sentence different from an active?

Answer 1

Passive emphasise the action, not the doer

Question 2

How is the following formed:
— present
— preterite
— perfect
— pluperfect
— future

Answer 2

present — werden + PII

preterite — wurden + PII

perfect — sein + PII + worden

pluperfect — sein + PII + worden

future — werden + PII + werden

Question 3

Which verbs can‘t be used in the passive?

Answer 3

— reflexive
— verbs of containing (enthalten)
— verbs of possessing (haben, besitzen)
— verbs of receiving (bekommen, kriegen)
— verbs of knowing (wissen, kennen)

Question 4

How does the subject switch around?

Answer 4

Accusative subject of active sentence becomes the subject (nominative) of passive sentence

Question 5

What 3 prepositions can you use to include the doer?

Answer 5

von + dative = agent of action

durch + accusative = means by which it was achieved

mit + dative = instrument/tool

Question 6

What happens if the verb is followed by dative/genitive or prepositions?

Answer 6

The dative/genitive/prepositional object can‘t become a subject of passive clause:

1. keep the dative/gen/prep object as it is
2. use passive with a dummy subject > ‚es‘
3. so verb remains in singular bc of ‚es‘