VT#20 AND VT#21

Question 1

Name of VT#20

Answer 1

Positive Relative Accommodation

Question 2

Operational name of PRA

Answer 2

Minus sphere to blur out at near on reduced 20/20 Snellen.

Question 3

Significance of PRA

Answer 3

to determine the maximum amount of accommodation that can be stimulated.

Question 4

Accommodative test that indirectly measured the negative fusional vergence

Answer 4

Positive Relative Accommodation

Question 5

Accommodative test that assesses anything with eso

Question 6

Test distance of PRA

Question 7

Test target of PRA

Answer 7

Reduced snellen

Question 8

Endpoint of PRA

Answer 8

Blurring

Question 9

Normal expected for PRA

Answer 9

-2.25D

Question 10

PRA is not only an indication of px’s ability to stimulate accommodation but also a reflection of the status of _____________

Answer 10

Negative Fusional Vergence

Question 11

When the endpoint is reached in PRA, a differentiation of the causative factor can be made by __________________

Answer 11

Occluding one eye

Question 12

If you cover one eye, whether right or left, and print gets clearer, the px has _____________________. The patient may have ____________________.

Answer 12

convergence problem

Question 13

If the target stays clear or the same blurring with both eyes, ___________ problem with accommodation or convergence.

Question 14

If you cover one eye, and the blurring ___________, there is an ACCOMMODATIVE PROBLEM

Answer 14

worsens

Question 15

If you cover one eye, and the blurring worsens, there is an _________________________

Answer 15

ACCOMMODATIVE PROBLEM

Question 16

Indication of HIGH PRA

Answer 16

Insignificant

Question 17

Indication of LOW PRA

Answer 17

Decompensated eso, Accommodative insufficiency, ill-sustained, infacility

Question 18

Name of VT21

Answer 18

Negative Relative Accommodation

Question 19

Operational name for NRA

Answer 19

plus sphere to blur out at near on reduced 20/20 snellen

Question 20

Significance of NRA

Answer 20

to determine the maximum amount of accommodation that can be relaxed

Question 21

NRA indirectly measures the

Answer 21

Positive Fusional Vergence

Question 22

Assesses anything with exo

Question 23

Type of probing used in NRA

Answer 23

relax

Question 24

Test distance of NRA

Answer 24

16 inches

Question 25

Test target of NRA

Answer 25

reduced snellen

Question 26

Normal expected for NRA

Answer 26

+2.00

Question 27

___________ is a test to evaluate positive fusional vergence in an indirect manner.

Answer 27

Negative Relative Accommodation

Question 28

The accommodative status of the px can be tested monocularly, by simply covering one eye if target gets clear- ______________ is at fault or __________

Answer 28

Fusional vergence system, or convergence problem

Question 29

During NRA, if you cover one eye, whether right or left, and print gets ____________, the px has CONVERGENCE PROBLEM. The patient may have ___________.

Answer 29

clear, decompensated exo

Question 30

If the target ____________________ with both eyes, no problem with accommodation or convergence.

Answer 30

same blur

Question 31

If you cover one eye, and the blurring worsens, there is _______________ PROBLEM.

Answer 31

accommodation

Question 32

HIGH NRA indicates

Answer 32

Over minus in subjective refraction

Question 33

LOW NRA indicates

Answer 33

Decompensated exo, accommodative excess, spasm, infacility

Question 34

If a patient is _______________, it is normal that the PRA results will be low because presbyope patients have difficulty accommodating or the ciliary muscles

Answer 34

Presbyope

Question 35

If a patient has incipient cataract, it is normal that PRA will be _____ because when the lens opacifies, it goes towards more ______.

Answer 35

low, plus