VTNE questions Flashcards
(250 cards)
1
Q
On what animal would you expect to find wattles?
A
a chicken
2
Q
What is a wattle?
A
-are part of chickens’ heat regulation system. They are unable to sweat. Instead they cool themselves through their blood circulation: the wattles and combs are thick with capillaries and veins for the overheated blood to pass through. It is air-cooled as it passes through these blood vessels. In turn, this cooler blood reduces the chicken’s internal temperature.
3
Q
Which of the following is a zoonotic disease associated with birds?
A
Chlamydiosis
4
Q
What is chlamydiosis?
A
an obligate intracellular bacteriuman; inapparent subclinical infection or acute, subacute, or chronic disease of wild and domestic birds characterized by respiratory, digestive, or systemic infection.
5
Q
Pole and collar restraint is used for what species?
A
Macaca mulatta
6
Q
What is Macaca mulatta?
A
old world monkeys
7
Q
The common mite of the hedgehog is?
A
Caparinia
8
Q
The sex of a juvenile chinchilla is determined by?
A
anogenital distance
9
Q
Blood collected from the orbital sinus is common in what animal?
A
mouse
10
Q
The female of what species exhibits the sexually dimorphic characteristic called the dewlap?
A
Oryctolagus cuniculus
11
Q
What is Oryctolagus cuniculus?
A
European or common rabbit
12
Q
The coccidia of the rabbit is?
A
Eimeria
13
Q
All adult amphibians are?
A
Carnivores
14
Q
In what species would you expect to find a hemipenis?
A
lizard
15
Q
What is a hemipenis?
A
one of a pair of intromittent organs of male squamates (snakes, lizards and worm lizards).
Hemipenes are usually held inverted, within the body, and are everted for reproduction via erectile tissue
16
Q
From what species might you obtain a cloacal sample?
A
Gallus domesticus (chicken)
17
Q
The sex of a parrot is determined by?
A
blood test
18
Q
What species is prone to audiogenic (produced by sound) seizures?
A
Meriones unguiculatus (gerbil)
19
Q
The genus of the ferret ear mite is?
A
otodectes
20
Q
Ferret young are called?
A
kits
21
Q
Which of the following is not an induced ovulator?
A
guinea pig
22
Q
Bumblefoot is a bacterial infection that causes swollen feet in what species?
A
Gallus domesticus (chicken)
23
Q
The grandular portion of the stomach in birds is referred to as the?
A
proventriculus
24
Q
What species has a uropygial gland?
A
Cricetulus griseus (hamster) informally known as the preen gland or the oil gland,
25
Gallus domesticus is the scientific name for the?
chicken
26
Which of the following nonhuman primates is considered to be platyrrhine. or broad nose?
Saimiri
27
Which of the following nonhuman primates does not carry the herpes B virus?
Cebus
28
Which of the following is a characteristic of New World monkeys?
Prehensile tail (capable of grabbing)
29
Before inducing anesthesia, how long should a pet rat be fasted?
fasting is not indicated
30
The maximum amount that can be safely administration to the rabbit by IM injection in one site is?
0.5 cc
31
IACUC stands for?
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
32
What species has ventral midline sebaceous glands that are more prominent in the male?
Gerbil
33
The inguinal rings completely close in which of the following species?
nonhuman primate
34
In what species is coprophagia is a normal behavior?
rabbit
35
Slobbers, or moist dermatitis, is a condition that occurs in ?
rabbits
36
The department within the USDA that is responsible for administering the Animal Welfare Act is the?
Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service
37
Tularemia is most commonly associated with what species?
rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
38
What species is prone to trichobezoar formation?
rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
39
Pododermatitis affects what species?
guinea pig
40
Which of the following species cannot synthesize vitamin C and needs to have it supplemented?
guinea pig
41
Kurloff corpuscles (leukocyte) are a common finding in what species?
Cavia porcellus (guinea pig)
42
Porphyrins are secreted by the ____ gland in rats.
harderian
The Harderian glands of rats are located behind the eyes and secrete various porphyrins that give the tears a reddish color.
43
Which of the following is an outbred strain of rat?
Long-EVans
44
The guide for the care and use of laboratory animals is used by what organization in its voluntary accreditation of laboratory animal facilities?
AAALAC - Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care
45
What is the causative agent of Tyzzer disease?
Clostridium piliforme
46
Tyzzer disease is most commonly seen in what animal?q
rodent
47
Spenic hyperplasia (increased cell production in a normal tissue or organ (spleen)) is commonly seen in which of the following?
Ferret
48
What is the common cause of gastric ulcers in ferrets?
Helicobacter mustelae (bacteria)
49
Which of the following is a common subclinical, contagious coronavirus seen in mice used in research?
mouse hepatitus virus
50
What is the usual approximate life span of mice, rats, and hamsters?
3 years
51
What vein may readily be used for blood collection in mice and rats?
tail vein
52
What anatomic structure is similar in rodents and horses?
large cecum
53
Into what structure is the drug given when using a gavage needle in a rat?
stomach
54
How do pigeons blood cells differ from those of rabbits and rodents?
all of the mature blood cells are nucleated
55
The pigeon's crop is part of what structure?
esophagus
56
What lab animal is best housed singly, because they often fight?
rabbit
57
In addition to cats, the cat bag is a useful restraint device for what animal?
rabbit
58
The armadillo is one of the few animal models of what human disease?
Leprosy
59
What rat is also known as the hooded rat?
long-Evans rat
60
What occurs in an animal with pregnancy toxemia?
ketosis
61
Pregnancy toxemia is most commonly seen in which of the following animals?
rabbit
62
Red leg is a common finding in what laboratory animal?
frogs
63
What is the earliest common clinical sign seen in ferrets or rabbits that are overheating?
licking their front legs
64
What human viral disease is contagious to nonhuman primates?
measles
65
Nude mice are used in research because they lack which of the following structures?
thymus gland
66
What is a common problem in ferrets whereby they become weak and may temporarily drag their rear legs?
insulinoma
67
Which of the following is a small South American primate often used as a laboratory animal?
common marmoset
68
What is the likely cause of vulval swelling in a spayed ferret?
Hyperadrenocorticism
69
Hyperadrenocorticism is?
AKA - Cushing's disease in dogs is a condition that results from the chronic overproduction of too much glucocorticoid in the body.
70
What disorder is common in female rabbits older than 5 years?
Uterine adenocarcinoma
71
What disease are nonhuman primates routinely tested for in the laboratory setting?
Tuberculosis
72
Which of the following causes a proliferative otitis externa in rabbits?
Psoroptes cuniculi - ear mite
73
Open-rooted molars (grow continuously) are seen in which of the following animals?
guinea pig
74
What is not one of the common syndromes seen in rabbits with pasterurellosis?
Diarrhea
75
What is pasteurellosis?
a bacterial infection commonly affecting animals and sometimes transferred to humans through bites and scratches.
76
Which animal has a prehensile tail?
spider monkey
77
Scurvy is most likely to be seen in what animal?
guinea pig
78
The lab rat is known as Rattus norvegicus. What does Rattus refer to?
genus
79
In taxonomy, what does the term Rodentia refer to?
order
80
In what species are the young precocious?
Cavia porcellus - guinea pig
81
What problem is commonly associated with overfeeding pelleted feed to rabbits?
Trichobezoars
82
Which of the following is not considered an ape?
baboon
83
What is seen in chromodacryorrhea in rats?
Red tears
84
Which sex of rat, mouse, hamster, and gerbil has the longest anogenital distance?
males
85
Weaning in mice, rats, and hamsters usually occurs at what age?
3 weeks
86
What viral disease carried by mice and other rodents is zoonotic?
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
87
A minimum of how many generations of brother-sister mating is necessary to create an inbred strain?
20 weeks
88
Ringtail in rats is most commonly used by what condition?
low humidity
89
What organization certifies laboratory technician and includes researchers and technicians in its membership?
AALAS - The American Association for Laboratory Animal Science
90
What agency prepares standards and enforces the Animal Welfare Act?
USDA - United States dept . of Agriculture
91
Teratology involves the study of?
abnormal fetal development
92
Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice lack?
B and T cells
93
According to the AWA, which of these species must be provided with an environment adequate to promote their psychological well-being?
Nonhuman primate
94
Which laboratory animal is monogamous and mates for life?
Gerbil
95
Induced ovulators include?
Rabbit and ferret
96
Pyrogen and Draize tests involve which of the following species?
Rabbit
97
Mice, rats, and hamsters are weaned at ____ days?
21
98
Lymphocyte choriomeningitis, a viral disease with zoonotic potential is associated with which of the following species?
Hamster
99
Malocclusion in which of the following species involves elongated premolars and molars?
guinea pig
100
A New World monkey commonly used in research is the?
Squirrel Monkey
101
The species that is very susceptible to Tyzzer disease, caused by Clostridium piliforme, is the?
Gerbil
102
Two species that are prone to trichobezoars are the cat and the?
Rabbit
103
The species that is prone to nasal dermatitis initiated by its burrowing activity is the?
Gerbil
104
Ulcerative pododermatitis in rabbits is commonly called?
Sore hocks
105
A characteristic that distinguishes lagomorphs from rodents is?
double pair of upper incisors
106
The 1985 amendment to the AWA provided standards for the exercise of?
dogs
107
The species that has air sacs and lungs is the?
pigeon
108
HEPA is a type of?
filter
109
A healthy animal that is susceptible to certain diseases and is placed in a room with other animals as a means of detecting the presence of diseases-is-called?
Sentinel
110
Animals in which certain disease-causing agents have been eliminated are?
specific-pathogen-free
111
Which of the following is classified as a lagomorph?
rabbit
112
A breeding system in which one male is placed with two or more females is?
polygamous
113
The smallest hamster is the ?
Dwarf
114
The species that normally has cream-colored urine is the?
Hamster
115
The coccidia of rabbits is?
Eimeria
116
In rabbits, coccidiosis causes lesions in which of the following two main areas of the body?
liver and intestine
117
An animal that results from the introduction of genetic material (DNA) from one animal into the fertilized egg of a different animal is?
transgenic
118
The type of caging system that provides rodents with excellent containment and protection for disease organisms is?
microisolator
119
Young mice and rats are?
pups
120
The type of guinea pig that has short, coarse hair arranged in whorls or rosettes is the?
Abyssinian
121
A spayed female ferret is called?
sprite
122
When two inbred strains of mice are bred, the offspring are called?
hybrid
123
Rodents are generally fed ad libitum, which means?
free choice
124
Ferrets are susceptible to all diseases except?
feline distemper
125
The type of cage that is designed to separate urine and feces for specimen collection is?
Metabolism
126
The type of mouse that has a deficiency in its immune system is?
nude
127
Estrogen toxicity that results from prolonged estrus is a common clinical problem in which of the following species?
ferret
128
The species that gives birth to large precocious young is the?
guinea pig - young are well developed because of the long gestation period - 68 days
129
The scientific name of the rabbit ear mite is?
Psoroptes
130
Mus musculus is the scientific name of the?
mouse
131
The species that is often referred to as cavies is the?
guinea pig
132
Which of the following species has a gestation period of 30 days?
rabbit
133
Which of the following rodents has cheek pouches?
hamster
134
A female rabbit is called?
doe
135
A male guinea pig is called a?
boar
136
Monitoring reflexes of the rabbit for anesthesia would include all of the following except?
tail pinch
137
Rabbits are?
induced ovulators
138
Before inducing anesthesia in your rabbit you do a quick physical. You fine the rabbit's temperature to be 39.0 degrees Celcius, the pulse to be 250 beats/min, and the respiration to be 40 breaths/min. These are all?
normal
139
How much water does a 3.5 kg adult rabbit drink a day?
350 mL
140
Snuffles in rabbits is most commonly caused by?
Pasteurella multocida or upper respiratory disease (rhinitis, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, lacrimal duct infection)
141
The most common forms of Pasteurella multocida is?
rhinitis and sinusitis with a typical white or yellowish mucopurulent discharge
142
Pasteurellosis?
can produce rhinitis, torticollis, abscesses, and vaginal discharge. It is a gram-negative rod that can affect one or more body systems. The most common signs are nasal discharge and sneezing. The organism is transmitted through direct contact and via fomites and is difficult to eradicate
143
A client is concerned because she has noticed that a recently lactating doe seems to be abandoning her babies. When she looks in the nest, the young jump like popcorn. You suggest that she?
not worry because the doe normally nurses once a day
144
The normal dentition for the rabbit is?
2033/1023
A small second set of incisors called peg teeth sit just behind the larger upper incisors. Folds of skin behind the incisors and premolars limit visibility of the rest of the oral cavity. All teeth are open rooted (hypsodontic) and grow continously through life.
145
When doing daily examinations, you note that a rabbit has a glossy coat and no lumps, is defecating in one spot, and is passing liquid, cream-colored urine. You should?
Note on the chart that all is normal
146
You are to give an IM injection to a guinea pig. What maximum volume should you use?
0.3 mL
147
To differentiate between a male and female guinea pig, the?
male has no break in the ridge between the anus and the urethral orifice
148
A young inactive, ruffled-looking guinea pig with piloerection and dull eyes is brought into the clinic. The client reports that it has not eaten for a few days, is showing a shuffling gait, and is sore when touched at the joints. You notice it is dehydrated as well. The likely cause is?
Vitamin C deficiency
149
A client is concerned that her guinea pig is not getting enough vit. C in its diet, because she is not sure how old the food is. She would be best to?
put some kale, cabbage, and red peppers in its food hopper
150
A client says that she is worried because she has noticed four guinea pig pups that were born 3 hours ago and are not nursing at all, and she is positive she has been watching closely. You suggest that she?
not worry because guinea pig pups do not nurse for the first 12 - 24 hours
151
Regarding the reproduction of guinea pigs,?
breeding is best at about 4 to 5 months of age
152
With regard to the behavior of guinea pigs,?
secretions from the anal and supracaudal gland are used to mark the territory
153
Interesting morphophysiologic characteristics of guinea pigs include all of these except?
both sexes have two inguinal nipples
the urine is alkaline with ammonium phosphate crystals
Their blood contains Foa-Kurloff cells
- they don't have a glandular and aglandular divided stomach
154
You are to give a gerbil a combination of drugs before anesthetic induction in a chamber. Which of the following drugs should not be used? What drugs could be used?
Acepromazine - do not use (lowers the seizure threshold)
Diazepam - yes
Atropine - yes
Telazol - yes
155
If a client asks whether its okay to feed sunflower seeds to her gerbil, you suggest that the seeds?
have increased fat and decreased calcium
156
You notice that one of the gerbils in a cage of postpubertal young has some nasal hair loss with some erythema and scabbing. No other alopecia is noted. This is likely caused by?
nasal dermatitis
157
A client wishes to get a pet gerbil. You tell him that the average life span for gerbils is?
3 years
158
A client wishes to get a pet hamster but wants to know how long it is expected to live. You tell her that the average life span for hamsters is about?
4 years
159
A client calls and says that she thinks her 2-month-old hamster has that "common hamster disease" that you hear about in the pet store. The sign she notices is likely?
Red tears
160
The gestation periods, estrous cycle, and litter size of gerbils, respectively are about?
16 days, 4 to 5 days, and 4 to 5 young
161
The gestation periods, estrous cycle, and average litter size of hamsters, respectively are about?
16 days, 4 to 5 days, and 5 to 9 young
162
The normal dentition for the hamster is?
1003/1003
163
A useful venous site for blood collection without an anesthetic in mice is the?
lateral saphenous
164
Up to how much blood could you safely take from your 360-g rat when doing venipuncture?
1.8 to 3.5 mL
165
The most effective way to prevent ringtail in suckling rats is to keep the?
humidity greater than 50%
166
Murine respiratory mycoplasmosis is caused by?
mycoplasma pulmonis
167
A healthy adult rat recovers ___ from an episode of sialodacryoadenitis.
immediately - usually shed the sialodacryoadenitis virus in about 1 week only and show a complete clinical recovery in 1 to 2 weeks. May have occasionally have permanent eye damage.
168
You are to give a mouse fluids on recovery from anesthesia. The maximum amount of the warmed fluids that you should be giving IP (intraperitoneal) at one dose is?
5 to 10 mL
169
A cage of mice is in front of you in which some mice have facial hair missing around the nose. You are best to?
separate the mouse that does not have any missing hair
170
Regarding the anatomy of mice and rats (mammary glands) what are the differences?
mice have 5 pairs of mammary glands and rats have 6 pair
171
You want to do monogamous, nonintensive, timed breeding on mice. Which of the following statements is false?
the breeding pair should be left together until after postpartum estrus
172
Females that are bred at the postpartum estrus have an extended gestation period. This is known as the?
Facultative diapause or delayed implantation
173
The Bruce effect in mice is when?
pregnant females are exposed to the urine of a strange male and abort
174
A small group of anestrus females come into heat when a male is introduced. This is known as the?
Whitten effect
175
The gland of mice and rats that secretes porphyrin in the tears is
Harderian gland
176
Rats are primarily?
nocturnal
177
What average weight do you expect your male adult mice and rats to be respectively?
30 g and 500g
178
A rat is all hunched up in front of you with dyspnea, inactivity, ruffled hair coat, wheezy-sounding lungs, and nasal and ocular discharge of slightly red color. There is no photophobia or a swollen neck. The vet likely suspects?
either Sendai firus or MRM (murine respiratory mycoplasmosis)
179
The basis of restraint techniques for most animals is proper control of the?
head
180
Signs of pain in a rodent include all of the following except?
Lack of appetite
change in attitude
abnormal posturing
not malocculusion
181
The respective gestation periods of a rabbit, guinea pig, and mouse are?
30, 68, and 21 days
182
One of the main disadvantages to using wire mesh floor cages is that?
the animal cannot create a microenvironment
183
What is a microenvironment?
the environment that immediately surrounds the animal.
184
It is difficult to accurately convert the drug dosage used for cats and dogs to lab animal species because the latter have a?
high basal metabolic rate relative to body surface area
185
Tyzzer disease is caused by?
Clostridium piliforme a bacterial disease that occurs in many rodents and other mammalian species possibly because of stress.
186
Sendai virus is a?
(a ribonucleic acid (RNA) Paramyxovirus - (parainfluenza type 1 virus)
187
The main function of brown fat tissue is to store?
glycogen
188
Rodents practice coprophagy primarily to recover?
B-vitamin complex
189
The species that does not have a fertile postpartum estrus is the ?
hamster
190
If the purpose of a breeding system is to decrease genetic variability, then one should?
inbreed
191
The young of the altricial rodents generally have their hair and open their eyes at about?
1 week of age for hair and 1 week of age for eyes
192
The preferred ratio of hours of light to darkness for most laboratory rodents is?
12:12
193
The preferred temperature for most laboratory rodent is?
21 degress C
194
Use of penicillin is contraindicated in the?
guinea pig
195
The best method for euthanizing a large group of mice is?
carbon dioxide
196
The most accessible vein for blood collection in the rabbit is the?
ear
197
Which of these is a zoonotic disease of sheep?
Orf
198
Which of these laboratory animal species hibernates?
hamster
199
A detailed description of the procedures to be used in a research project that is reviewed by an appointed committee is a?
protocol
200
Four or Five mice housed together have large areas of alopecia on their muzzles. The most likely problem is?
barbering
201
The best type of caging system for a near-term pregnant rat is?
shoebox
202
What animal is covered by the Animal Welfare Act?
wild mouse used in research
203
What zoonotic viral disease of primates produces a mild disease with ulcers on the mucous membranes and tongue in its natural host, the Macaca?
Herpes B
204
What laboratory animal species is most sensitive to bright light?
BALB/C mouse - retinal damage occurs in albino strains exposed to bright light
205
To sanitize a large piece of equipment, such as a sheep transport cage, you would use?
rack cage washer
206
Animals that are free of absolutely all microorganisms and parasites are called?
axenic
207
All of the following are outbred stocks of rats, except the?
Lewis
Long-Evans - yes
Sprague- Dawley - yes
Wistar - yes
208
A greasy hair coat of a gerbil indicates that the ambient?
humidity is too high
209
The laboratory animal species with hip glands is the?
hamster
210
For a strain to be considered inbred a minimum of how many generations of brother to sister or parent to offspring must occur?
20
211
What group reviews animal research protocols to be sure that the methods of care and use are appropriate and in compliance with federal and institutional guidelines?
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
212
What caging material with high-impact strength is transparent and can withstand high temperatures?
Polycarbonate
213
Offspring of what laboratory animal species are born fully furred and with open eyes?
guinea pig
214
All of the following are Old world monkeys, except the?
Squirrel
Rhesus - yes
Cynomolgus - yes
Stump tail - yes
215
What laboratory animal species has ventral sebaceous glands?
Gerbil
216
What species normally has two types of feces, day feces and night feces?
Rabbit
217
A diet rich in Vit. C must be provided to what species because they cannot synthesize their own?
guinea pigs and nonhuman primates
218
A rabbit with a purulent nasal discharge and conjunctivitis would mostly likely be affected by?
Snuffles
219
What laboratory animal species has cheek pouches and callous pads on its buttocks?
Rhesus monkey
220
What organization's major focus is voluntary accreditation of laboratory animal facilities?
American Association for Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC)
221
Caudal paralysis, as a consequence of injury to the spinal column form a fractured back, occurs commonly in the?
rabbit
222
The major causative agent of chronic respiratory disease in rats is?
Mycoplasma
223
Dutch and New Zealand are types of?
Rabbits
224
Normal body temperature is highest in the?
pigeon
225
What laboratory animal species has a gestation period similar to that of cats?
guinea pig
226
What type of guinea pig ha long, silky hair?
Peruvian
227
Sacculus rotundus, appendix, and cecum are parts of what laboratory animal's gastrointestinal tract?
rabbit
228
A type of inbred albino mouse is?
BALB/C
229
Ferrets are very susceptible to:
Canine distemper
230
The disease of rats and mice caused by low humidity is?
ring tail
231
The AWA is administered and enforced by the?
United States dept of Agriculture
232
A male rabbit is called a?
buck
233
Seizures are a common problem in the?
gerbil
234
A common disease of juvenile hamsters is?
wet tail
235
A common problem that results from incorrect restraint of a gerbil is?
tail slip
236
All of the following are rodents, except the?
Rabbit
guinea pig - yes
hamster - yes
gerbil - yes
237
What is the correct term for a female guinea pig?
Sow
238
The species with the shortest gestation period is the?
hamster- 16-day gestation
239
Which of the following is the most commonly used species in research?
mouse
240
The scientific name of the mouse pinworm is?
Aspiculuris
241
The cage type frequently used for housing nonhuman primates is?
squeeze
242
The sex of juvenile mice is determined by?
anogenital distance
243
The laboratory animal species most likely to experience dystocia is a?
guinea pig
244
The term for parturition in the guinea pig is?
farrowing
245
The sex of juvenile guinea pigs is determined by?
palpation of the pelvic region
246
The genus and species name for the guinea pig is?
Cavia porcellus
247
The genus and species name for the hamster is?
Mesocricetus auratus
248
The genus and species name for the rabbit is?
Oryctolagus cuniculus
249
Of the caged birds listed, which one has the least tolerance for handling?
canaries
250
Of domestic fowl, which poses the least threat to a handler?
ducks
