W1 - Cardio: Mechanisms Of Breathing

Question 1

What 3 pathophysiologies can COPD be split into

Answer 1

Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema
Chronic asthma

Question 2

What is chronic bronchitis

Answer 2

Chronic inflammation that causes narrowing of the bronchi resulting in more mucus production

This thick build up of mucus increases SOB and causes more inflammation

Question 3

What is emphysema

Answer 3

Inflammation causes proteases to destroy elastin & connective tissue fibres = reduces normal elastic recoil

Alveoli be some over expanded & some sacs rupture reducing surface area

Airways become floppy & collapse trapping gas in the alveoli on exhalation

Question 4

What is chronic asthma

Answer 4

Wheezing
SOB
coughing (dry)
Tight chest

Question 5

Name the 4 stages of respiratory

Answer 5

Ventilation & external respiration (respiratory system)
Gas transport (CVS)
Internal respiration (gas exchange)

Question 6

What happens in inspiration

Answer 6

Pump handle movement: anterior ends of ribs 2-5 rise with the sternum = increases the AP diameter of the thorax

Bucket handle movement: upwards & outwards movement of the shaft of the anterior ends of ribs 8-10 =-2 increasing the transverse diameter of the thorax

Diameter flatters

Answer 7

Rib move