W1- Chapter 1

Question 1

the smallest unit of an element that has chemical properties of an element

Answer 1

atoms

Question 2

all matter is composed of

Answer 2

atoms

Question 3

atoms bonded together to form

Answer 3

molecules

Question 4

polymers formed of many molecules bonded together

Answer 4

macromolecules

Question 5

polymers can be

Answer 5

polypeptides

Question 6

macromolecule examples

Answer 6

carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acid, DNA and RNA

Question 7

simplest unit of life, surrounded by a membrane and contains a variety of molecules and macromolecules

Answer 7

cells

Question 8

unicellular

Answer 8

containing one cell

Question 9

multicellular

Answer 9

containing more than one cell

Question 10

in multicellular organisms, many of the same cell associate with each other to form

Answer 10

tissues

Question 11

in complex multicellular organisms, what is composed of two or more types of tissue

Answer 11

organs

Question 12

biologists classify as belonging to a particular species and a living thing

Answer 12

organism

Question 13

a group of organisms of the same species that occupy the same environment

Answer 13

population

Question 14

an assemblage of populations of different species

Answer 14

community

Question 15

formed by interactions of a community of organisms with their physical environment

Answer 15

ecosystem

Question 16

all places on Earth where living things exist

Answer 16

biosphere

Question 17

life is found in the blank, bodies of blank, on land, and in the blank

Answer 17

air, water, soil

Question 18

when the parts of an organism interact with each other or the external environment to create novel structures and functions

Answer 18

emergent properties

Question 19

the study of how new properties of life arises by complex interactions of its individual parts

Answer 19

systems biology

Question 20

what is used to describe the world

Answer 20

unity and diversity

Question 21

provides the blueprint for the organization, development, ad function of living things

Answer 21

DNA

Question 22

segments of DNA, govern the characteristics or traits of organisms

Answer 22

genes

Question 23

most blank are transcribed into a type of RNA molecule called mRNA, then translated into a polypeptide with a specific amino acid sequence

Answer 23

genes

Question 24

a molecule consisting of a linear sequence of amino acids, demotes structure

Answer 24

polypeptides

Question 25

composed of one or more polypeptides; key role in determining traits

Answer 25

protein

Question 26

genetic changes that occur related from the lineage

Answer 26

vertical evolution

Question 27

the transfer of genetic material from one organism to another that is not an offspring

Answer 27

horizontal gene transfer

Question 28

the complete genetic composition of an organism/species

Answer 28

genome

Question 29

what stores information in a stable form, provides continuity from gen. to gen., acts as an instrument of evolutionary change

Answer 29

genome

Question 30

what is the primary function of a genome

Answer 30

encode the proteome

Question 31

entire protein complement of a cell/organism

Answer 31

proteome

Question 32

techniques used to analyze the DNA sequence of the genome of a species

Answer 32

genomics

Question 33

allows researchers to analyze the proteome of a single species and compare the proteomes of different species

Answer 33

proteomics

Question 34

grouping and classification of species

Answer 34

taxonomy

Question 35

provides each species with a unique scientific name

Answer 35

binomial nomenclature

Question 36

organisms studied to compare to each other

Answer 36

model organisms

Question 37

reducing complex systems to simpler components to understand how the system works

Answer 37

reductionism

Question 38

research aimed at understanding how emergent properties arise

Answer 38

systems biology

Question 39

collection and analysis of data without the need for a preconceived hypothesis

Answer 39

discovery based science