W1 MCQs Flashcards
(24 cards)
Which of the following is true when considering sperm cells, epithelial cells, fibroblasts and oocytes?
All these cells are the same size and contain the same organelles
These cells can vary in size by over 100000 x and contain the same organelles
These cells can vary in size by up to 10 x and contain the same organelles
The cells can vary in size by over 100000 x and contain different organelles to each other
These cells are the same size and contain different organelles to each other
The cells can vary in size by up to 10 x and contain different organelles to each other
These cells can vary in size by over 100000 x and contain the same organelles
The ‘central dogma’ is”:
DNA → transcription → RNA → translation → protein
DNA → translation → RNA → transcription → protein
Protein → transcription → RNA → translation → DNA
RNA → transcription → DNA → translation → protein
DNA → transcription → protein → translation→ RNA
RNA → transcription → protein → translation → DNA
RNA → translation → protein → transcription → DNA
Protein → translation → DNA → transcription → RNA
DNA → transcription → RNA → translation → protein
If a child has one grandparent on the maternal side and one grandparent on the paternal side who carries the Cystic Fibrosis gene (and the other two grandparents do not) what are the chances that the child will have Cystic Fibrosis?
100%
50%
25%
12.5%
6.25%
0%
6.25%
If red and white flowers are co-dominant, then a red x white daughter flower will be:
Red or white
Patterned containing red and white
Red
White
Pink
Patterned containing red and white
Heredity information is stored in:
DNA + RNA
RNA
DNA + protein
Protein
DNA + RNA + protein
RNA + protein
DNA
DNA
Which statement is true:
Crick and Watson….
Discovered nuclein
First used the term DNA
Identified the phosphate, sugar, base structure of DNA
Found DNA contains inherited information
Identified the bases of DNA are A, C, G, T
Solved the structure of DNA as a double helix
Solved the structure of DNA as a double helix
In DNA…
Phosphates are joined by strong covalent bonds, bases are joined by strong covalent bonds
Phosphates are joined by strong covalent bonds, bases are joined by weak hydrogen bonds
Phosphates are joined by weak hydrogen bonds, bases are joined by strong covalent bonds
Phosphates are joined by weak hydrogen bonds, bases are joined by weak hydrogen bonds
Phosphates are joined by strong covalent bonds, bases are joined by weak hydrogen bonds
Adenine shares how many bonds with thymine?
0
1
2
3
4
2
The complementary strand of 5’ TAGCGTTA 3’ is:
3’ TAACGCTA 5’
5’ TAGC 3’
5’ TAGCGTTA 3’
3’ ATCGCAAT 5’
3’ TAGCGTTA 5’
5’ ATCGCAAT 3’
3’ ATCGCAAT 5’
In the X-ray crystallography image produced by Rosalind Franklin, what is the evidence for the helix structure of DNA?
The dark smears at the top and bottom
The X pattern
The helix structure cannot be inferred from this image
The missing spots
The X pattern
How many types of bases are there in DNA?
3 or less
4
5
6 or more
6 or more
If 40% of bases in a DNA molecule are guanine, what % are adenine?
40%
30%
20%
10%
10%
Which of the following are both pyrimidines?
A and T
C and G
G and T
C and T
A and C
A and G
C and T
What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide?
Nucleotide is base + ribose; nucleoside is base + ribose + phosphate
Nucleoside is base + phosphate; nucleotide is base+ ribose + phosphate
Nucleoside is base + ribose; nucleotide is base + ribose + phosphate
Nucleoside is the side view of a nucleotide
Nucleotide is base + phosphate; nucleoside is base + ribose + phosphate
Nucleoside is base + ribose; nucleotide is base + ribose + phosphate
What are the dimensions of one full turn of DNA?
20nm wide, 34nm high
3.4 nm wide, 3.4 nm high
3.4 nm wide, 2 nm high
2nm wide, 3.4 nm high
2 nm wide, 34 nm high
2 nm wide, 2nm high
2nm wide, 3.4 nm high
Which chromosome contains the most DNA base pairs?
1
5
X
Y
They all contain the same
No one knows
1
How many types of histone molecules are found in human cells?
2
3
4
5
6
5
How many H1 proteins are in the nucleosome?
0
1
2
8
0
When linker DNA wraps around and joins several units of core histones in a long line this is called:
A string of beads/beads on a string
A string of nucleosomes/nucleosomes on a string
A chain of nucleosomes
A chain of beads
A string of beads/beads on a string
What is the name for 2 stacked nucleosomes mediated by H1?
Chromatin
Chromatosome
Chromato sandwich
Chromosome
Chromatosome
Chromosomes are:
More condensed (therefore longer) during division than interphase
Less condensed (therefore shorter) during division than interphase
Always the same size in interphase or division
Less condensed (therefore longer) during division than interphase
More condensed (therefore shorter) during division than interphase
More condensed (therefore shorter) during division than interphase
Chromosome territories in an interphase nucleus:
Line up in pairs in number/size order
Remain in pairs but not in number/size order
Are not necessarily in pairs but are in a defined, organised location
Are packed into the nucleus in a random, chaotic way
Are not necessarily in pairs but are in a defined, organised location
Which statement is true regarding euchromatin and heterochromatin:
Euchromatin is more condensed than heterochromatin; euchromatin only contains genes involved in transcription
Euchromatin is less condensed than heterochromatin; euchromatin only contains genes involved in transcription
Euchromatin is more condensed than heterochromatin; heterochromatin only contains genes involved in transcription
Euchromatin is less condensed than heterochromatin; heterochromatin only contains genes involved in transcription
Euchromatin is less condensed than heterochromatin; euchromatin and heterochromatin both contain genes involved in transcription
Euchromatin is less condensed than heterochromatin; euchromatin only contains genes involved in transcription
How many times does DNA wrap around the histone core/nucleosome?
1x
1.65x
2x
10x
16.5x
1000x
It’s not always the same
1.65x
