W10: Liver

Question 1

What is the location of the liver?

Answer 1

In the right upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity (right hypochondriac area),
beneath the ribcage and diaphragm.

Question 2

How many lobes in the liver?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

What are the lobes of the liver?

Answer 3

the right lobe, the left lobe, the caudate lobe, and the quadrate lobe.

Question 4

What are the cells in the liver called

Answer 4

hepatocytes

Question 5

How many blood supplies does the liver have?

Answer 5

Dual blood supply

Question 6

What arteries or veins supply the liver with blood?

Answer 6

• hepatic artery
• hepatic portal vein

Question 7

Hepatic artery

Answer 7

(25%) – supplies the non-parenchymal structures of the liver with arterial blood.

Question 8

Hepatic portal vein

Answer 8

(75%) – supplies the liver with partially deoxygenated blood, carrying nutrients
absorbed from the small intestine.

Question 9

Hepatic veins

Answer 9

Venous drainage of the liver is achieved through hepatic veins. These hepatic veins
then open into the inferior vena cava.

Question 10

HEPATOCYTES

Answer 10

• are arranged into lobules. These are the
  structural units of the liver.
• Each anatomical lobule is hexagonal-shaped and is drained by a central vein.

Question 11

What is a Sinusoids?

Answer 11

• Are spaces of blood filled channels around the hepatocytes .

Question 12

What is the portal triad?

Answer 12

• arteriole
• venule
• bile duct

Question 13

arteriole

Answer 13

• a branch of the hepatic artery entering the liver.

Question 14

Venule

Answer 14

a branch of the hepatic portal vein entering the liver.

Question 15

Bile duct

Answer 15

• branch of the bile duct leaving the liver.

Question 16

location

Answer 16

• upper right quadrant of the abdomen
• below the diaphragm

Question 17

Lobes of the liver

Answer 17

• Right lobe
• Left lobe
• Caudate
• Quadrate

Question 18

Hepatocytes Structure

Answer 18

• Hexagonal shape
• Organised into lobules
• Contain microvilli
• Rich in organelles

Question 19

Blood Supply

Answer 19

• Hepatic artery (oxygenated blood)
• Hepatic portal vein (nutrient-rich blood)
• Sinusoids (capillary-like structures)

Question 20

Bile formation

Answer 20

• produced by hepatocytes
• Composed of bile salts, bilirubin, cholesterol
• Secreted into bile canaliculi

Question 21

Structure and Function of liver

Answer 21

• Detoxification of substances
• Metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins
• Storage of vitamins and minerals
• Synthesis of plasma proteins
• Regulation of blood glucose levels