w12 cross-cultural

Question 1

human genome

Answer 1

share 99/9% in common with humans
more differences between people within countries than between countries

no DNA evidence for concept of race

Question 2

Race is a

Answer 2

social construction

what people mean between ethinic groups is culture

Question 3

Culture is

Answer 3

systems of shared meanings

information capable of affecting individuals behaviour, acquire from other members of species through teaching, social transmission, imitation - Boyd

Question 4

Civic duty

Answer 4

= extent to which people contribute to liberal democratic society

eg. scandinavian countries score high = collectivist
southern - spain, italy score lower = individualistic

Question 5

civic duty of american + european ancestries

Findings

Answer 5

• can you trust people
• did you vote in election

Findings - perfect positive correlation
- contemporary americans danish history = high civic
- ancestry to spain - lower civic duty

cultural values persist across time and generations
values + beliefs are culturally transmitted

Question 6

cultural differences in

Answer 6

marriage
- iceland, france -no child before marriage
- india, singapore - believe its wrong

interpersonal distance
- 4 types - public, social, personal, intimate
- argentina - little change across distances
- turkey - more change

Question 7

Culture influence conformity

Answer 7

hunting and gathering practises of Temne vs Inuit people

• Temne - single crop harvest once a year
• Inuit - continually and individual basis

Aschs conformity task - Temne conformed more than Inuit
–> culture moderates conformity + behaviour

Question 8

culture influence visual perception?

Answer 8

line A + B (illusion to make then same length, theyre same)

16 societies
US stretched line A
others didnt move it

Question 9

culture influence economic decision?

Answer 9

ultimatum game
- sum of money
- proposer makes offer
- if accepted, responder keeps offer, rest to other person
- if rejected both get 0$

findings
- western, industrialised wanted 50/50 = fairness
- africa, oceania - low offers, didnt reject

Question 10

culture influence honesty?

Answer 10

if wallet lost, would u call to give it back?

• china low
• switzerland high

Question 11

culture influence reasoning?

Answer 11

scene of fish in water

• americans recalled salient - brighter, rapid moving, more than Japanese
• japanese referred to context - rocks, animals

recognition test
- have you seen this object?
- american unaffected by background changes
- japanese performance impaired

westerners occupy extreme end of resoning

Question 12

WEIRD

Answer 12

western educated and industrial rich and democratic countries
– unusual people
– 96% participants from WEIRD Countries, 12% of population
should we generailse this from ‘unrepresentative sample?

Question 13

australian context

Answer 13

burke and wills ate toxic Nardoo
first nations peoples survive here for 60,000 years on

death from substance abuse and mental illness 12xnonindigenous men 20x non-indigenous women

suicide rate 3x non-indigen
depression 1.2x
psychosis 2.7x

Question 14

helping indigenous

Answer 14

western frameworks and perspectives no good
culture-bound syndromes - openness to different cultures is neccessary

culturally appriopriate assessment tools
- aboriginal symptoms checklists
- stress scale