W2

Question 1

It refers to the eruptive and non-eruptive activities that take place on a volcano.

Answer 1

Volcanic process

Question 2

The dissolved gas is allowed to expand and forms small gas bubbles called ____ in the magma.

Answer 2

vesicles

Question 3

During eruption, volcanic gases in the magma expand and break magma into tiny pieces called

Answer 3

tephra

Question 4

are characterized by gas-driven explosion that propels magma and tephra.

Answer 4

explosive eruptions

Question 5

It features the outpouring of lava without significant explosive eruption.

Answer 5

effusive eruption

Question 6

It produce juvenile clasts during explosive decompression of gas within magma that propels it forward.

Answer 6

Magmatic eruptions

Question 7

It is characterized by an explosive water-magma interaction through which large amounts of steam and magmatic gases are released.

Answer 7

Phreatomagmatic eruption

Question 8

Phreatic eruption is also called

Answer 8

ultravulcanian eruption

Question 9

It is observed when rising magma makes contact with ground or surface water.

Answer 9

Phreatic eruption

Question 10

____ are a type of magmatic eruption named after the Kilauea on the Big Island of Hawaii which is popular for producing spectacular fire fountains

Answer 10

Hawaiian eruptions

Question 11

These are the calmest of the eruption types.

Answer 11

Hawaiian eruption

Question 12

It is a relatively smooth lava flow that cools down forming typical smooth billowy or ropey surfaces.

Answer 12

Pahoehoe lava

Question 13

When these two factors change, the same original lava can produce another lava type known as

Answer 13

a’a-lava

Question 14

It is characterized by a fragmented, rough, sometimes, spiny or blocky surface composed of broken lava blocks.

Answer 14

a’a-lava

Question 15

spiny or blocky surface composed of broken lava blocks called

Answer 15

clinker

Question 16

They are eruptions driven by the bursting of gas bubbles within the magma

Answer 16

Strombolian eruption

Question 17

When these bubbles accumulate, they produce large bubbles called ____ which can grow into size large enough to rise through the lava column.

Answer 17

gas slugs

Question 18

It is known for short-lived and explosive eruptions of lava with intermediate viscosity.

Answer 18

Strombolian Eruption

Question 19

The word strombolian is derived from the volcano

Answer 19

Stromboli in Sicily

Question 20

It is named after the Italian island Vulcano which is also believed to be the home to the Greek god of fire, Hephaestus

Answer 20

Vulcanian

Question 21

It is an explosive eruption that occurs when the pressure of entrapped gases in a relatively viscous magma becomes sufficient to blow off the overlying crust of solidified lava.

Answer 21

Vulcanian eruption

Question 22

Pelean eruptions are also called

Answer 22

Nuee Ardente eruption

Question 23

This eruption occurs when a large quantity of gas, dust, ash, and lava fragments are blown out of a volcano’s central crater.

Answer 23

Pelean eruption

Question 24

weeks before its eruption, the volcano emits ash followed by a combination of dome formation and lateral blasts.

Answer 24

Pelean eruption

Question 25

They are considered the **most explosive and powerful of all eruptions.**

Answer 25

Plinian eruption

Question 26

The strongest types with a VEI of 8 are so called

Answer 26

Ultra Plinian eruption

Question 27

These eruption often start suddenly and unexpectedly after a long period of dormancy.

Answer 27

Plinian eruption

Question 28

They occur when utmost viscous magma containing a lot of gas explodes in the depth of the volcano by which the crater pipe operates as the barrel of a **shotgun**.

Answer 28

Versuvian eruption

Question 29

They are a kind of a **hydromagmatic** eruptions where magma interacts explosively with **shallow** groundwater or surface water.

Answer 29

Surtseyan eruptions

Question 30

They occur when an undersea volcano has finally **matured** enough to break the surface of the water.

Answer 30

Surtseyan

Question 31

are the types of volcanic eruptions that takes place **beneath the surface of water.**

Answer 31

Submarine Eruption

Question 32

Submarine eruptions may produce ____, typically extinct volcanoes that rise from a seafloor.

Answer 32

seamounts

Question 33

smaller submarine volcanoes are called

Answer 33

sea knolls

Question 34

flat-topped seamounts are called

Answer 34

guyots

Question 35

are a type of volcanic eruption which feature the interaction between **lava and ice** often under a glacier.

Answer 35

Subglacial eruption/glaciovolcanism

Question 36

This type of eruption occurs at **areas of high latitude and high altitude.**

Answer 36

Subglacial eruption

Question 37

They are also called **steam-blast eruption** are those driven by explosive expanding steam resulting from cold ground or surface water coming into contact

Answer 37

Phreatic eruption

Question 38

During the intermediate stage of compaction, there is a layer called ____ that **does not meet** the density requirements of either a snow or an ice.

Answer 38

firn

Question 39

It is a stream-driven eruption as the hot rocks come in contact with water

Answer 39

Phreatic (AKA HYDROTHERMAL)

Question 40

It is a violent eruption due to the contact between water and magma resulting in a violent fine ash eruption

Answer 40

Phreatomagmatic

Question 41

It is a period of weak to violent eruption characterized by fountain lava.

Answer 41

Strombolian

Question 42

It is characterized by a tall eruption that reaches up to 20km high with pyroclastic flow and ashfall tephra

Answer 42

Vulcanian eruption

Question 43

It is an excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastics.

Answer 43

Plinian

Question 44

Erupt 10’s-1000’s km3 of magma

Answer 44

Explosive Eruptions

Question 45

Send ash clouds >25 km into the stratosphere

Answer 45

Explosive Eruptions

Question 46

What are the three products from an explosive eruption?

Answer 46

Ash fall, pyroclastic flow, and pyroclstic surge