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DS2102 Anatomy > W2: Osteology > Flashcards

W2: Osteology Flashcards

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1
Q

What structures form the neurocranium and explain which structures are paired/single

A
  1. Ethmoid- single
  2. Frontal- single
  3. Occipital- single
  4. Parietal- pair
  5. Temporal- pair
  6. Sphenoid- single
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2
Q

What structures form the viscerocranium and explain which which structures are paired/single

A
  1. Nasal bone- paired
  2. Maxilla- paired
  3. Mandible- single
  4. Vomer- single
  5. Inferior nasal concha- paired
  6. Lacrimal- paired
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3
Q

How many irregular bones does our skull consist of?

A

22

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4
Q

Which bone of our skull is considered a regular bone?

A

Ossicles

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5
Q

What bones form the calvaria?

A

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
Sphenoid

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6
Q

What suture forms the junction between the parietal and sphenoid bone

A

Sphenoparietal suture

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7
Q

What structures form the pterion

A

Coronal suture
Sphenofrontal suture
Sphenoparietal suture
Squamous suture sphenosquamous suture

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8
Q

What structures form the zygomatic arch

A

Zygomatic process of temporal bone
Temporal process of zygomatic bone

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9
Q

What sutures form the Bregma junction

A

Coronal and sagital

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10
Q

What structures form the aterion junction

A

Squamous suture
Occipitomastoid suture
Lambdoid suture

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11
Q

What muscles attach(originate) at the superior nuchal line?

A

Trapezius
Occipitalis

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12
Q

What artery does the middle meningael artery branch from, what nerve does it pass through and what foramen does it travel through

A
  1. Maxillary branch of the external common carotid artery
  2. Auriculotemporal nerve of V3
  3. Foramen spinosum
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13
Q

What structures travel through the optic canal?

A

Optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

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14
Q

What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN 3
CN 4
CN 6
V1
Superior ophthalmic vein

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15
Q

What structures pass through the foramen rotundum?

A

V2

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16
Q

What structures travel through the foramen ovale

A
  • V3
  • Occasionally lesser petrosal nerve
    -accessory meningeal artery
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17
Q

What structures travel through the foramen spinosum?

A

V2 meningeal nerve
V3 middle meningeal nerve
Middle meningeal artery

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18
Q

What structures travel through the sphenoid emissary foramen

A

Emissary veins

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19
Q

What structures exit through the foramen lacerum

A

NONE
But- structures that pass mid way through are internal carotid artery greater and deep petrsoal

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20
Q

What structures travel through the internal acoustic meatus

A

CN 7
CN 8
LABYRINTHINE ARTERY

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21
Q

What structures travel through the mastoid foramen

A

Emissary veins
Sometimes the occipital artery

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22
Q

What structures travel through the carotid canal

A

Internal common carotid and nerve plexus

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23
Q

What structures pass within the jugular foramen

A

CN 9
CN 10
CN 11
Sigmoid sinus
Inferior petrosal sinus
Posterior meningeal artery

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24
Q

What structures travel through the condylar canal

A

Emissary veins and meningeal artery of ascending pharyngeal artery

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25
What structures travel through the external acoustic meatus
AIR
26
What structures travel through the hypoglossal canal
CN 12
27
What structures travel through the foramen magnum
Meninges Medulla oblongata CN 11 Vertebral artery Meningeal branches of vertebral artery
28
What structure splits the middle and posterior cranial fossa
Tentorium cerebelli
29
What connective tissue attaches to the crista galli
Fall cerebri
30
What nerves supply sensory innervation to the dura of the anterior cranial fossa
V1 V2
31
What nerves supply sensory innervation to the dura of the middle cranial fossa
V2 V3
32
What nerves supply sensory innervation to the dura of the posterior cranial fossa
CN 9 CN 10
33
What nerves supply sensory innervation to the falx cerebri and Tentorium cerebelli
V1
34
Provide three bones that the occipital bone articulates with?
Sphenoid Parietal Temporal
35
What foramen are present within the occipital bone
Hypoglossal canal Jugular foramen Foramen magnum
36
What muscle attaches to the pharyngeal tubercle
Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle
37
Provide 4 bones that the frontal bone articulates with
Ethmoid Sphenoid Maxilla Zygomatic Lacrimal Nasal Parietal
38
Provide 4 structures that the parietal bone articulates with
Itself via sagital suture Frontal Occipital Temporal Sphenoid
39
What 5 structures does the temporal bone articulate with
Zygomatic bone Sphenoid Parietal Occipital Mandible
40
What bone formation process is involved with the temporal bone?
Intramembranous ossification Squamous portion(1) Tympanic portion (1) Mastoid portion (4) Petrous portion (4)
41
What 4 structures make up the squamous portion of the temporal bone?
Zygomatic process Asrticular fossa Articular eminence Postglenoid process
42
Provide 4 structures present within the petrous portion of the temporal bone
Jugular notch Carotid canal Styloid process Mastoid process Mastoid notch Styloid-mastoid foramen Internal acoustic meatus
43
Label structure
44
What is the name of the structure located?
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
what does the sphenoid bone make up in the orbit
lesser wing + greater wing= superior orbital fissure Greater wing = superior portion of inferior orbital fissure Greater wing= optic canal
55
What Foramen are in the sphenoid bone
Foramen rotundum, ovali, spinosum, optic canal, Inferior and superior orbital fissure
56
what are the key structures of the sphenoid (non foramina)
Medial and lateral ptyrygoid plates pterygoid process pterygoid hamlus pterygoid fossa Turkish saddle sphenoid air sinus infra temporal crest
57
what makes up the Turkish saddle
(dorsum sellae, sella tursica, turburculum sellae)
58
How many bones does ethmoid articulate with (name 4)
13 bones (frontal, sphenoid,nasals,maxilla,lacrimals, palatines,inferiornasal concha,vomer)
59
what are the key structures of ethmoid
cribform plate, superior and middle nasal concha, ethmoid sinus perpendicular plate (nasal septum), Orbital plate, crista Galli
60
what does the lacrimal bones articulate with
frontal and maxilla, and make up the medial side of the orbit
61
what forms the bridge of the nose
Nasal bones
62
what is the largest concha and what does it articulate with
Inferior nasal concha: ethmoid, lacrimal ,palatine, maxilla
63
describe the key structures of the zygomatic bone
frontal process, infraorbital rim, maxillary process, temporal process
64
what are the key structures of the palatine
greater lesser and sphenopalatine foramina, horizontal plate, perpendicular place, orbital process
65
what are the foramina in the maxilla
infraorbital groove, infraorbital forman, incisive forman
66
Key structures of the maxilla
zygomatic process, canine fossa, canine eminence, maxillary tuberosity, frontal process alveolar process,
67
what is the importance of the Maxilla tuberosity and the coronoid notch/ external oblique ridge of the mandible in regards to LA administration.
Both areas of bone are very thick and dense making it impossble for LA to penetrate the bone to anesthetize the nerves. Particularly important with Maxillary and Mandibular Molars.
68
What is the solution for Effective LA administration for these areas.
mandible: Inferior alveolar Nerve Block Maxilla: Bucal and lingual Infiltrations with increased volume.
69
what are the key structures on the mandible
Ramus, External oblique ridge/line, Coronoid process, Condyle , angle of mandible, mental protuberance, alveolar process, pterygoid fovea, coronoid notch lingual, genial tubercles, mylohyoid line
70
what foramina are on the mandible
Mental foramen, Mandibular foramen/ IAN canal
71
What are the 3 key fossa on the mandible (show on skull where they are)
Sublingual and Submandibular, digastric fossa

DS2102 Anatomy (17 decks)

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