W3 - Particles and conjunctions to know | 조사와 접속사 Flashcards

Review high-frequency particles and conjunctions that appear on the TOPIK I exam.

1
Q

~이/가

A

subject marker

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2
Q

~은/는

A

topic marker (of focus, contrast, old information)

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3
Q

~을/를

A

object marker

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4
Q

~하고

A

‘and, with, along (together) with’ (nouns)

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5
Q

V~고

A

‘and’ (verbs)

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6
Q

~와/과

A

‘and, with, along (together) with’

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7
Q

~(이)랑

A

‘and, with, along (together) with’ (informal)

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8
Q

~들

A

plural marker

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9
Q

~의

A

possessive marker (ownership, relationship)

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10
Q

~에

A

general location or time marker (‘to, at, in, on’)

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11
Q

~에서

A

(1) origin ‘from’, (2) place where the action is taking place ‘at, in’

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12
Q

~(으)로

A

(1) destination ‘towards’, (2) instrumental ‘by means of’

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13
Q

~까지

A

finishing point of an action (‘until, by’)

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14
Q

~부터

A

starting point of an action (‘from’)

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15
Q

~도

A

‘also, too’

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16
Q

~에게

A

dative marker (‘to someone’)

17
Q

~한테

A

dative marker (informal)

18
Q

~한테서

A

‘from someone’

19
Q

~께

A

dative marker (honorific)

20
Q

~께서

A

honorific subject marker

21
Q

~보다

A

‘compared to, more than’

22
Q

~만큼

A

‘as much as, up to that extent’

23
Q

~마다

A

‘each, every, all’

24
Q

~만

A

‘only’

25
~밖에
'nothing but, except'
26
~(이)나 (1)
'or, but'
27
~(이)나 (2)
'as many/much as'
28
~처럼
'as in, like'
29
~같이
'as in, like'
30
~씩
'each, one by one'
31
~쯤
estimation 'around, about, or so'
32
~동안
'during, while' a period of time
33
그리고
and (then)
34
그럼
then
35
그래서
so, therefore
36
그러니까
for that reason, that's why
37
그런데
however, but
38
그러나
however, even so
39
그러면
if so, in that case