war and diplomacy Flashcards
(13 cards)
1
Q
How did war and diplomacy help Henry IV?
A
- Orleans gave him ships and troops to invade England in 1399
- marriages of daughters to King of Romans and King of Norway in 1402 and 1406
- he married Joan of Brittany in 1402
- Royal Garter (Castille and Portugal)
2
Q
How did war and diplomacy hinder Henry IV?
A
- although marriage alliances gave him security, they didn’t actively help him much
- piracy due to Aquitaine 1401, naval attacks in 1404 from France (impacts on trade)
- Scotland: invades and wins easily in 1400 but little diplomatic benefit, captures earls in 1403 (but this leads to Henry IV/Percy divide)
- Hanseatic League cuts off trade
- FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES
3
Q
How did war and diplomacy help Henry V?
A
- 1414, Treaty with Brittany to isolate France
- James I (captured 1406) was kept to reduce any attacks from Scotland, secured northern border
- military success in France 1415 leads to good reputation and taxation for life
- Anglo-Burgundian alliance 1419, lead to Treaty of Troyes 1420
4
Q
How did war and diplomacy hinder Henry V?
A
- France initially refused his marriage to Catherine of Valois, sent him tennis balls (mocked him)
- financial debt from war with France (mainly hindered Henry VI’s reign)
5
Q
How did war and diplomacy help Henry VI?
A
- Burgundy captured Joan of Arc in 1430 and sold her to England
- kept Calais
6
Q
How did war and diplomacy hinder Henry VI?
A
- piracy on the Channel 1430s-1440s
- Anglo-Burgundian alliance ended 1435
- 1444 Treaty of Tours, ceded Maine to France + no dowry, symbol of English losses
- Battle of Castillon 1453, lost all French land except Calais, led to factionalism, rebellions and financial difficulties
- lost Hundred Years War
7
Q
How did war and diplomacy help Edward IV?
A
- 1475 Treaty of Picquigny, gave him £10,000 a year
- marriage of Margaret to Burgundy in 1468, allowed him to flee and take refuge in Burgundian court 1470 when Warwick invaded England
8
Q
How did war and diplomacy hinder Edward IV?
A
- Warwick and Edward IV became divided when Edward married Elizabeth Woodville in 1464 and not the French princess that Warwick was campaigning for
- Warwick used Calais as a base when he was planning the usurpation
- 1482 Gloucester captured Berwick from Scotland but this distracted Edward from other affairs that he didn’t deal with -> Parliament upset
9
Q
How did war and diplomacy help Richard III?
A
- 1484 truce with Scotland
- deal with Brittany to give Henry Tudor to England
10
Q
How did war and diplomacy hinder Richard III?
A
- despite deal with Brittany, Henry Tudor fled
- naval attacks on France, Scotland and Brittany unnecessarily antagonised them, meant they supported Henry Tudor e.g. during Bosworth
- Brittany kept Henry Tudor, Yorkist exiles also fled there
11
Q
How did war and diplomacy help Henry VII?
A
- France support at Bosworth with ships and troops
- Treaty of Etaples 1492 with France, £5000 annual pension and also meant Warbeck had to leave France
- 1497 Treaty of Ayton with Scotland, Warbeck also had to leave Scotland
- Magnus Intercursus 1496, stopped Margaret of Burgundy and also resumed trade
- Spanish marriage 1501
12
Q
How did war and diplomacy hinder Henry VII?
A
- Margaret of Burgundy supported Simnel and Warbeck. Lovell and Lincoln also fled to Burgundy
- 1494, Holy Roman Emperor recognised Warbeck
- Ireland crowned Simnel
13
Q
1499 Spanish Marriage
A
- Marriage of Prince Arthur to Katherine of Aragon in 1501 after Treaty of Media del Campo 1499, secured the Tudor dynasty through foreign alliance
- Also gave Henry VII a dowry from Katherine (but this was smaller than England hoped for due to Spanish negotiation) → economic benefits
- However the death of Arthur in 1501 led to difficulties regarding the alliance, particularly when King Phillip died in 1506 and bitter financial negotiations resumed between Ferdinand and Henry VII (marriage only finalised after Henry VII’s death in 1509)
