Warfare Revision

Question 1

What type of soldiers made up the medieval armies?

Answer 1

Infantry
Cavalry
Archers

Question 2

Was social structure linked to army command?

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

How many soldiers were in medieval armies on average?

Answer 3

10,000

Question 4

What was the name of the social structure by which England was organised in the medieval period?

Answer 4

Feudal system

Question 5

What type of soldier was in decline at the end of the medieval period? Why?

Answer 5

Cavalry.
Schiltrons, Increased longbow use and plate armour.

Question 6

How many arrows could be fired per minute from a longbow?

Answer 6

12 on average

Question 7

Why was there an increased use of longbows?

Answer 7

They could reload fast, had a long range and were very accurate

Question 8

What was the range of the longbow?

Answer 8

350 metres

Question 9

What is the name of the tight formations of infantry gathered in a circle or square with pikes facing outward?

Answer 9

Shiltron

Question 10

An advantage of using gunpowder?

Answer 10

It was very good for siege warfare and attacking unmoving targets

Question 11

What was one disadvantage of gunpowder in the Middle Ages?

Answer 11

It was unreliable and could not be moved easily

Question 12

Was there a permanent standing army in the Middle Ages?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

A feudal summons was a way of recruiting knights for how many days?

Answer 13

40

Question 14

By the end of the 14th century how many knights followed the feudal summons?

Answer 14

1/6

Question 15

To avoid fighting it was possible for the knights to pay a tax - Middle Ages. What was this called?

Answer 15

Scutage

Question 16

What was the name given to the contract between the king and his individual knights as a guarantee of military service?

Answer 16

Indenture

Question 17

What was an advantage of the increased use of indentures?

Answer 17

More knights turned up and there was a guaranteed army size.

Question 18

What was the Statute of Winchester?

Answer 18

It extended the Assize of Arms so all fit men between 16 and 60 were equipped for 40 days service.
Archery targets were also set up in every town

Question 19

What year was the Statute of Winchester set up?

Answer 19

1285

Question 20

How much did foot soldiers receive? How about archers? - Middle Ages

Answer 20

2d vs 6d

Question 21

Which king and which year was the longbow law?

Answer 21

1363 by king Edward 111

Question 22

What two ways did civilians in the Middle Ages suffer as a result of warfare?

Answer 22

Purveyance, plunder, raids, sieges

Question 23

What was the Grand Chevauchee?

Answer 23

In 1355 the Black Prince destroyed 500 villages - the worst civilian experience in Middle Ages

Question 24

What year was the battle of Naseby?

Answer 24

1645

Question 25

What was the name of the new professional army used at the battle of Naseby by the Parliamentarians at Naseby?

Answer 25

New model army

Question 26

Who were the leaders of the Parliamentarian army at Naseby?

Answer 26

Oliver Cromwell

Question 27

Who had more troops Parliamentarians or Royalists - Naseby?

Answer 27

The Parliamentarians because they were paid and there was a chance of promotion.

Question 28

Who took the high position - Naseby?

Answer 28

Parliamentarians

Question 29

Who was the leader of the Royalist army at Naseby?

Answer 29

Prince Rupert

Question 30

What major mistakes did the royalist army make?

Answer 30

The cavalry looted the baggage train

Question 31

What was the name of Cromwell’s amazing cavalry troops?

Answer 31

Ironsides

Question 32

By hoe much did the average army size increase from 1700 to 1900

Answer 32

It increased by 7x

Question 33

By 1850, what percentage of the army were infantry, cavalry and artillery?

Answer 33

80% infantry 10% cavalry 10% artillery

Question 34

What does BRASS stand for?

Answer 34

Breech loaded Rifling Ammunition Smokeless powder Steel casting

Question 35

What were percussion bullets?

Answer 35

They kept the gunpowder dry

Question 36

How did the artillery change in the industrial period?

Answer 36

It became more reliable

Question 37

What impact did steam railways and ships have on industrial warfare?

Answer 37

Supplies and troops were faster. Impacted the spread of news as well

Question 38

What impact did the electric telegraph have on industrial warfare?

Answer 38

It allowed communication across long ranges

Question 39

What impact did mass production have on industrial warfare?

Answer 39

It allowed for bigger armies and more frequent use of guns

Question 40

Who invented the method of mass producing steel cheaply?

Answer 40

Besemer

Question 41

How were soldiers recruited at the start of the industrial period?

Answer 41

Kidnapping Bounty Purchase system

Question 42

What problems were there with recruitment and training at the start of the industrial period?

Answer 42

Desertion and unwilling to train

Question 43

Give some of Cardwell’s reforms?

Answer 43

21 - 12 years service No flogging No purchase system

Question 44

How did training improve after 1850?

Answer 44

Military schools

Question 45

Why did the cost of the army increase in the industrial period and how was this accounted for?

Answer 45

Bigger army size required a bigger cost. Taxation doubled

Question 46

Who was William Howard Russell?

Answer 46

He was the first war reporter

Question 47

How did civilian experience change in the industrial period?

Answer 47

They were more knowledgeable about the war Increased taxation

Question 48

How have guns and tanks changed since ww1?

Answer 48

They have become faster and more accurate.

Question 49

What is a PGM?

Answer 49

Precision Guided Missile

Question 50

What is a UAV?

Answer 50

Unmanned Ariel vehicle

Question 51

How did nuclear weapons change warfare?

Answer 51

Smaller army size and civilians impacted

Question 52

What are combined arms tactics?

Answer 52

Using all your weapons at once

Question 53

What is a radar?

Answer 53

It tells you were the enemy is

Question 54

How has the composition of the army changed in the modern era?

Answer 54

Females, smaller, specialised

Question 55

When was conscription introduced?

Answer 55

1916

Question 56

What was national service?

Answer 56

Conscription during peace time - training

Question 57

What were zeppelins?

Answer 57

Air ships drooping bombs - first time civilians are targets

Question 58

How did civilian experience change during the ww2?

Answer 58

Worsened - e.g the Blitz

Question 59

How is civilian experience of warfare different today?

Answer 59

CNN effect - wars are televised