Warm Up BM's Flashcards
(184 cards)
1
Q
What is colonial protectorate? Give an example.
A
It is defined as a state but under the protection of another country; Puerto Rico under the United States.
2
Q
Why did Native Americans revolt against the Spanish settlers?
A
Tired of being oppressed & being slaves
3
Q
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas? What was their attitude towards non-Europeans?
A
Spanish & Portuguese, dividing of New World; no respect.
4
Q
What event (period of time) had the greatest effect during the American Revolution of establishing human rights and a republic government.
A
The Enlightenment
5
Q
What was Martin Luther’s main beliefs?
A
Salvation by faith alone, all equal under faith
6
Q
Martin luther’s main argument?
A
Authority of church, sale of indulgences
7
Q
The first European nation to establish a trading post in Asia?
A
Dutch/ Netherlands
8
Q
How did the colonists act to the trade restrictions- Navigation Acts?
A
Rebellion
9
Q
Why is Fort Sumter important to the US Civil War?
A
Caused the start- Confederate forces fired
10
Q
What are the crusades?
A
Taken over of Holy Land (Jerusalem)
11
Q
What was the commercial revolutionduring the Middle Ages?
A
Trade!! (Expansion)
12
Q
What new institution sparked the growth of learning in Europe?
A
Universities
13
Q
King> Nobles> Lords> Barons> Knights> Serfs/ Peasants… What is this an example of?
A
Feudalism
14
Q
Holy Roman emperor controls what area & under what religion?
A
Western Europe & Christianity
15
Q
Old World to New World= Rice/ coffee to Corn/ potatoes… What is this an example of?
A
Columbian Exchange
16
Q
Why was the American Revolution successful?
A
Motivation France's help Britain's war debt Knowing the land Guerrilla warfare
17
Q
What is imperialism and what were the reasons for European imperialism?
A
Where a bigger country controls a smaller one; new markets, inexpensive labor, raw materials
18
Q
Buddhism & hinduism = ?
A
Rebirth
19
Q
Cultural migrating by Suleyman the Magnificent was done by…?
A
Migration due to religion, trade & conquest
20
Q
Technology that employed a division of labor…?
A
Henry Ford’s assembly line
21
Q
Pictures = ?
A
Steam engine
22
Q
Advanced technology made them superior to people who socialites were not technology advanced?
A
Social Darwinism
23
Q
Defining moment of the French Revolution?
A
Reign of Terror
24
Q
Increased demand for textiles during the Textile Revolution= ?
A
Exploited labor force
25
Congress of Vienna?
Restore monarchies & balance of powers & revolution
26
Emmeline Pankhurst?
Suffrage movements/ women's rights
27
American Revolution influenced South America by...?
Overthrowing a colonial power
28
Crusades?
Jerusalem= holy land
29
Commercial Revolution during the Middle Ages?
Trade
30
Why is Fort Sumter important to the Civil War?
Confederate forces fire, start of Civil War
31
Creation of cultural blending?
Trade, religion, conquest
32
Renaissance, Age of Discovery, what's next?
Scientific Revolution
33
Trade starts, cities begin, banks, whats next?
Colonization
34
Declaration of Independence author?
Thomas Jefferson
35
Two countries with the most trading posts in Africa?
Netherlands & France
36
Heliocentric theory?
Sun is the center of the universe
37
Issac Newton is known for...?
Law of Gravity
38
Effects of industrialzation?
Bigger cities, poor living conditions, poor working conditions, new middle class
39
What were European colonists competing for in Africa?
Control of natural resources
40
What event had the greatest effect during the American Revolution of establishing human rights and a republic government?
The Enlightenment
41
Composer that signified Polish Nationalism?
Chopin
42
During the 19th century, what cultural movement reflected the ideal of emotion, imagination, and spirit?
Romanticism
43
During the Industrial Revolution, describe the child labor conditions?
Poor, unsafe, harsh, long hours
44
The uprising of 1848 resulted in what plan ending?
Mettrnich
45
Latin America got their independence with the help of who?
Creoles
46
What was the main reason for the Crimean War?
Russia
47
What industry involves women working in their homes producing clothes?
Cottage industry
48
Karl Marx viewed Europe's social changes in the Industrial Revolution as what?
Class struggle
49
Which government called for overthrowing existing government's to create a classless society?
Communism
50
Who credited for creating a utopian community?
Robert Owens
51
The unification of Italy and Germany both used what type of force to unify various territories?
Military
52
What event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
Stock Market crash
53
What does "Raj" mean?
British rule of India (imperialism)
54
Who was Rasputin?
Holy man in Russia
55
What are the MAINE causes of WW1?
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism, Ethnic groups
56
Describe a countries reason for imperialism?
More powerful, superior culture
57
Why is imperialism needed?
Resources
58
Pair the world leaders with countries:
| Stalin, FDR, Mussolini, & Churchill
Stalin- Russia
FDR- America
Mussolini- Italy
Churchill- Britain
59
Why did Germany establish Weimar Republic?
To handle the war debt, get a stable government,
60
What did Stalin do to the farms during his first 5-Year Plan?
Collective Farming (government controlled)
61
What government has extreme Nationalism combined with militarism and dictator is called?
Fascism
62
Sequence: Nicholas 2 abdicated the throne and then what group came to power?
The Bolsheviks
63
What event was the main cause of the Petrograd uprising of the Russian Revolution?
Famine (food shortages)
64
How did Trench Warfare change the fighting of WW1?
Defensive war: Caused a stalemate
65
What group of people revolted against the Russian Revolution Provisional Government?
Bolsheviks
66
What was the major consequence of the March Revolution? Who revolted against the March Revolution?
Nicholas the Czar stepped down; Women
67
Which country lost significant territory as a result of the 1919 Paris Peace Conference? (Meeting after WW1)
Germany
68
What does "Armenians deported by the Ottoman Empire" mean?
Genocide of an ethnic group
69
Crimean War, First Boer War, Russ-Japanese War= all fought what?
Imperialism
70
What was the focus of the Big Four during the Paris Peace Conference?
Prevent future war
71
How was the Ottoman Empire effected by the end of WW1?
Loss of territories: Czechoslavakia, Ugaslavia, and Poland
72
Why did the Germans create the Schlieffen Plan?
Two front war
73
Why did the US fail to ratify the Treaty of Versailles?
To stay out of European Affairs to become a World Power
74
What was Bloody Sunday and in what year?
Russian Revolution before WW1; 1905
75
How did the Bolshevik Revolution affect the course of WW1?
They pulled out of the war
76
Germany and Austria Hungary prearranged agreement before the entrance into WW1 was called?
Triple Alliance
77
What event caused the start of WW1?
Austria declared war on Serbia
78
What are Britain and France concerned with Germany's threatening?
National Security/Appeasement
79
What'd document states that men are born and remain free and equal in all rights
Declaration of independence
80
Define a nationalism. Compare with patriotism
Extreme patriotism. People loyalty rest not only with the country but with a common culture language and ethnicity
81
Devine fascism. Compare with nationalism
Militant politician movement that emphasized loyalty to a state and obedience to its dictator. Extreme form of nationalism
82
Define the Industrial Revolution
Movement brought about by rapid development of machinery
83
What effect did the Industrial Revolution have on the growth of cities
People lost jobs because machines could do what they could do at a faster time and for a lesser cost
84
Explain Capitalism and compare with Socialism
Cap: People control own trade and business profit
Soc: Government regulates trade and business
85
What planned help Germany repay with reparation from WW1?
Dawes Plan
86
Why is WW1 a turning point for US Foreign Policy?
US rejected a world leadership position
87
What government did Lenin support?
Communist
88
What drug did China and England fight over?
Opium
89
Where were the atomic bombs dropped?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
90
What was the Lend Lease Act?
Supplying weapons to people who were fighting Germany
91
What was the Atlantic Charter.
Free trade
92
What technology employed the first division of labor?
Assembly line
93
Which ideology called for overthrowing existing governments to create a classless society.
?
Marxism
94
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
95
Difference between containment and Truman doctrine?
Money
96
Difference between cultural revolution and red guards?
Red guards were a part of the cultural revolution, killed people to make a classless society
97
Difference between UN and NATO?
UN is all the countries in the world to keep peace. NATO is an alliance between US, Canda, & other places
98
Willingness for a country to go to the edge of war?
Brinkmanship
99
Struggle between US and Soviet Union?
Cold War
100
Phrase used to represent Europe's division into mostly democratic Western Europe and communist Eastern Europe?
Iron Curtain
101
Renaissance
A period of European history, lasting from 1300-1600, during which renewed interest in classical culture led to far reaching changes in art, learning, and views of the world.
102
Reformation
16th century movement for religious reform, leading to the founding of Christian churches that rejected the Pope's authority
103
Martin Luther
Questioned authority of church.
Indulgence: pardon for sin
Thought that corruption came from Catholic Church.
Teachings: 1. People could win salvation by only faith. (Versus buy your way or good works)
2. All church traditions and Pope were false authorities, should come from Bible. (Pope has his own teachings)
3. All people with faith were equal. (Pope and high class only were "equal")
104
Cultural Blending & Cultural Diffusion
Trade
Religion
War
Migration
105
Islam
Founder: Muhammad
Spread: Quran, 5 pillars, god is "Allah" by trade on Silk Road
106
Exploration
God, glory, gold (religion, trade routes, land expansion)
Christoper Columbus
107
Dutch East India Company
Direct trade route to Asia by Netherlands to India
108
Christopher Columbus
Sailed in 1492 to New World
109
Colonies
13 original colonies formed on the east coast for new world development, lands controlled by another country
110
Columbia Exchange
Exchanged: diseases, plants & animals;
Slaves began to begin getting traded;
Mercantilism: policy to get country to increase wealth and power
111
Jamestown
First permanent settlement in 1606
112
Slavery
Atlantic: Brought slaves over
Triangular: buying and selling back and forth to receive a finished product (shirts to dye to dyed shirt)
113
Wilbur Force
End of slave trade
114
Absolute Monarch
Lone ruler of a country
115
French Revolution
Overall storming of France by low class and destruction of France
National Assembly: Third estate (lower class)
Reign of Terror: When leader Robespierre executed upper class because he was a part of the lower class- radical stage of revolution
Napoleon Bonaparte: French emperor, wanted land and power
Napoleon Wars: Series of wars against Napoleon's French Empire
116
Congress of Vienna
Ambassadors of European states, series of meetings to establish peace
117
Nationalism
Loyalty to ones country
118
Romanticism
Time of feelings and love
119
Realism
Life as it was, not how it should be
120
Ships- Navy Power
Navy to go across seas and on seas to conquer land (entire continents)
121
Scientific Revolution
The study of the natural world by observation instead of accepting beliefs
122
Enlightenment
Buddhism state of perfect wisdom when one understands basic truths about the universe
123
American Revolution
Events: Tax without representation "Boston Tea Party", first shots fired at Lexington, end at Yorktown with help from the French
Declaration of Independence is the American colonies reasons for breaking off with Britain on July 17, 1776
The Bill of Rights was the first ten amendments to the US constitution (citizens basic rights and freedoms)
124
Industrial Revolution
The shift in the1800s from making goods by hand to by machines
125
Factors of Production
The resources (land, labor, and capital) that are needed to produce goods and services
126
Urbanization
The growth and migration of people into cities
127
Middle Class
Social class made up of professionals, skilled workers, businessmen and wealthy farmers
128
Commercial Revolution
The idea that government should not interfere or regulate industries and businesses
Bank/ Investment & Laissez Faire: Loans to people, by mercantilism, colonialism.
129
Socialism
An economic system in which the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all
130
Communism
An economic system in which all means of production (land, mines, factories, railroads, and businesses) are owned by the people, private property does not exist, and all goods and services are shared equally
131
Manifest Destiny
Belief to expand or die in US
132
Civil War
Secede-withdraw from organization
| E.P.- freed all slaves
133
Assembly Line
Put all parts together to make machines
134
Social Darwinism
Fittest country survives
135
Imperialism
Policy of extending role of empire
136
Trench Warfare
Stayed in trenches to fight
137
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
Submarines sink without warning
138
Total war
Everyone helps out in cause of fight
139
Versailles Treaty
Peace treaty at end of WW1
140
Joseph Stalin
Communism: classless society
USSR 5 Year Plan: Concentrated on the development of iron and steal, machine tools, electric power and transport; increase (110%) in coal production, (200%) iron production and (335%) in electric power
Totalitarian State: A government that controls by state by coercive measures
141
Mao Zedong
Made the Communist Party of China (CPC)
| The Long March saved Zedong and Communist Party from the attacks from Guomingdang ordered by Chiangka-Shek
142
Ghandi
In India
SALT March: To help free India from British control, non-violent march protesting the Salt Tax
Non-violent: No fighting and accepting all consequences.
Civil Disobedience: Boldest act of civil was a defiant march to protest Salt Tax
Boycott: Refusing to act or buy something to get it banned
Passive Resistance: Commonly refers to actions of nonviolent protest or resistance to authority
143
Weimar Republic
Germany proclaimed on Nov. 9, 1918 of military defeat and social revolution
WAR DEBT & INFLATION
144
Great Depression
Worldwide economic collapse following the stock market crash in 1929, in which unemployment remained high & many businesses failed
145
FDR
32nd president (22nd amendment) Led US through Great Depression and WW2 and greatly expanded powers of federal government through programs and reforms
146
Fascism
Any movement, ideology or attitude that favors dictation all government & centralized control, private enterprise and extreme nationalism
147
Appeasement
Avoid war by giving in to an aggressor
148
Isolationism
Stay out of foreign affairs to avoid war for political or economic reasons
149
Creation of Country
Israel
Homeland after Holocaust for Jews
Conflict between Jews and Palestinians (Arabs)
Over the Holy Land, NOT over religion
150
Weimar Republic
German republic
151
Nonaggression Pact
Treaty made by Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939 that opened the way for both nations to invade Poland
152
Axis invasion
Poland (split for nonaggression pact), France, Great Britain, Russia
153
Poland
Blame Poland for WW2
154
Blitzkrieg
An intense military campaign intended to bring a swift victory
155
Axis Powers
Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romnia, Bulgaria
156
Allied Powers
US, Britin, France
157
Pearl Harbor
Surprise attack on US naval base on Dec. 7, 1941
| The day that will live in infamy
158
WW2 Leaders
```
Germany- Hitler
Italy- Mussolini
England- Churchhill
Japan- Tojo
US- Roosevelt
```
159
Japan's rise- Before attacking US
Manchuria & islands
| Want to be superior
160
Douglas MacArthur
Led operation torch
161
Holocaust
Mass murder of Jews
162
Nuremberg Laws
Laws against Jews in Germany
163
Kristallnacht
Night of Broken Glass
164
Gestapo
Nazi police; were allowed to use brutal force against Jews
165
Final Solution
Nazi policy of exterminating Jews
166
Nuremberg Trials
US persecuted German nazi leaders in Nuremberg, Germany
167
D-Day
Allied landing in France on June 6, 1944
168
Dwight Eisenhower
Led up to D-Day
169
Africa
Fighting because they wanted to gain independence
| For resources like coal, gold, diamonds, elephants
170
Superpowers
US & USSR
171
United Nations
Keep peace after WW2
172
Iron Curtain
Divided east (communist- USSR) and west (democratic- US) Germany
173
Containment
To not have war
174
Cold War
War without weapons between US & Russia
175
Brinkmanship
To go to the edge of war
176
Communist Countries
Russia, Japan, China, North Korea, and Vietnam
177
Democratic Countries
US, South Korea, Great Britain and France
178
Korean War
Divide on the 38th parallel after a cease fire
179
Third War Countries
Don't depend on communism or democracy, they are independent
180
Nonalignment Policy
Independent countries don't align with US or Russia
181
Ayatoyalla
Muslim leader from Iran, Ottoman Empire
182
Fidel Castro
Allowed Cuban Missile Crisis to happen, leader of Cuba
183
Nikkita Krushchev
Russian leader
184
Axis Invasion
Germany, Japan
