Water Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are hydrophilic interactions?
Hydrophilic interactions occur when molecules can dissolve and separate in water, as water is a solvent for polar molecules.
What are hydrophobic interactions?
Non-polar molecules will congregate together, away from polar molecules, helping to shape structures like the cell membrane.
Why is water highly cohesive?
Water molecules are highly cohesive due to hydrogen bonds, creating surface tension and allowing plants to pull water molecules.
Why is solid water (ice) less dense than liquid water?
In ice, water molecules form more hydrogen bonds, causing them to be arranged less densely than in liquid water.
What is the high heat capacity of water?
Water requires extra energy to break its hydrogen bonds, helping to minimize temperature fluctuations, especially in oceans.
What is the high heat of evaporation of water?
Water’s high heat of evaporation is due to the hydrogen bonds, which require energy to break.
What are hydrogen bonds?
Hydrogen bonds are electrostatic attractions between a hydrogen atom in one molecule and an electronegative atom (F, O, N) in another molecule, causing a slight positive charge on the hydrogen atom.
How do ice and liquid water differ in terms of hydrogen bonding?
In ice, water molecules form hydrogen bonds with four other molecules, resulting in a less dense structure compared to liquid water.
What does pH measure?
pH measures the concentration of protons (H+) in a solution.
What is the pH range for an acidic solution?
If pH is lower than 7, the solution is acidic.
What is the pH range for a basic solution?
If pH is higher than 7, the solution is basic.
